ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2026
Sex-specific longitudinal changes in resting heart rate and all-cause heart failure: insights from the HUNT study.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Aims: To investigate sex-specific associations between longitudinal resting heart rate (RHR) and new-onset heart failure (HF) using RHR change and RHR trajectories. Methods: Participants from the Trøndelag Health Study attending two or three surveys between 1995 and 2019 were included. We investigated the association between new-onset HF and RHR using RHR categories based on the standard deviation of baseline RHR (12 bpm), continuous RHR modeled using restricted cubic splines ( Results: During follow-up, 2,880 of the 47,712 participants developed HF. The HF incidence rate was lower in women than men (4.27 vs. 5.68 per 1,000 person-years; ratio (95% CI) 0.67 (0.57-0.77). Baseline RHR was 74 bpm in women and 70 bpm in men, and 74% maintained their RHR (±12 bpm) from baseline to the second attendance (mean change -2 ± 12 bpm). Each 10 bpm higher RHR was associated with higher HF risk for both women and men with HRs (95% CI) 1.15 (1.03-1.28) and 1.09 (1.00-1.20), respectively. Participants with a high RHR trajectory had higher HF risk than the low RHR trajectory with HRs (95% CI) 1.43 (1.14-1.79) for women and 1.41 (1.16-1.72) for men. Conclusion: All-cause HF was similarly associated with increased RHR and a high RHR trajectory for women and men. Estimating HF risk using RHR trajectories provided stronger associations than a single RHR measurement.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.