Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41931126›Full record

ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2026

Weighing the risk: a scoping review on the relationship between obesity and glioma.

Kyle G Alexander, Emma J B Nordahl, Anam M Nagori, Chirayu Singhvi, Christos Georgiou, Georgios Kaponides

Abstract readScoping Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Kyle G AlexanderDepartment of Neurology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. kyle.alexander007@gmail.com.
Emma J B NordahlDepartment of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Anam M NagoriDepartment of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Chirayu SinghviDepartment of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Christos GeorgiouDepartment of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
Georgios KaponidesDepartment of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity is well-documented to increase the risk and worsen the prognosis of various cancers. This review investigates the relationship between obesity and glioma, as a comprehensive analysis has not been conducted. A literature search was conducted across several databases, including ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Google Scholar, from 2004 to 2025, using the keywords: (glioblastoma OR glioma OR GBM) AND (obesity OR "body mass index" OR BMI OR overweight OR adiposity OR "waist circumference") AND (risk OR association OR prevalence OR incidence OR correlation OR etiology). Inclusion criteria focused on studies in English published from 2004 to 2025. From an initial screening of 606 studies, 26 met the criteria.The role of high BMI or waist circumference (WC) as a risk factor remains unclear, with evidence varying by age, gender, and tumor grade. The compound effect of high BMI with high WC is more pronounced in women. Evidence of linearity between BMI and glioma risk is also stronger in women. Notably, low BMI combined with high waist circumference presents a greater risk than high BMI with high waist circumference. Healthy lifestyle factors may influence glioma risk more significantly than BMI. Additionally, elevated BMI in early life (18-21yo) is more consistently associated with increased glioma risk, while height is identified as a common risk factor. Although several studies associate higher BMI with poorer overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), some suggest that being overweight may confer a survival advantage compared to normal or underweight individuals. Obesity impacts prognosis more significantly in MGMT-methylated gliomas. Further research is needed to clarify these complex associations.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGliomaObesityBody Mass IndexFemaleHumansMalePrognosisRisk FactorsWaist CircumferenceBMICancer prognosisCancer risk factorsGliomaObesity

Identifiers

PMID41931126

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.