Evidence mapPaperPMID 41933176Full record

ArticleCommunications medicine2026

Single-cell transcriptomics identifies regulatory T cell heterogeneity in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Nana E Mensah, Athina Efthymiou, Nicoleta Mureanu, María Teresa Martín Monreal, Heli Vaikkinen, Shichina Kannambath, Amanda Bowman, Athul Menon, Tim Tree, Giovanna Lombardi and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Communications medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Nana E Mensah *Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London NIHR Biomedical Research Centre 10th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
Athina Efthymiou *Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Nicoleta Mureanu *Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
María Teresa Martín Monreal *Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0001-4959-0174
Heli VaikkinenGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London NIHR Biomedical Research Centre 10th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
Shichina KannambathGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London NIHR Biomedical Research Centre 10th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
Amanda BowmanSchool of Life Course & Population Sciences, King's College London, London, 10th Floor North Wing St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0002-0986-1344
Athul MenonGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London NIHR Biomedical Research Centre 10th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.
Tim TreePeter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
Giovanna LombardiPeter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4496-3215
Pawan DhamiGuy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London NIHR Biomedical Research Centre 10th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, Great Maze Pond, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5408-1833
Kypros H NicolaidesHarris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
Cristiano ScottàPeter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3942-5201
Panicos ShangarisHarris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, UK. panicos.shangaris@kcl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2750-8405

Funding

Academy of Medical Sciences SGL023\1023Carlsbergfondet (Carlsberg Foundation) CF23-0418DH | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) CL-2018-17-002DH | National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) IS-BRC-1215-20006Fetal Medicine Foundation registered charity 1037116 Project Number 909375
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common pregnancy complication associated with hyperglycaemia, chronic inflammation and adverse health outcomes. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are thought to contribute to GDM due to their role in suppressing inflammation. However, whether specific Treg subsets are transcriptionally dysregulated in patients with GDM remains unclear.

methodsTo investigate Treg transcriptional variation in GDM, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing to Tregs and CD4 + T cells isolated from the blood of 13 healthy pregnant women and 10 female patients with GDM.

resultsWe observed no significant differences in Treg cluster proportions with disease status, however, Memory CD4 + T cells were more abundant in patients diagnosed with GDM, substantiated by mass cytometry. We report Treg subsets altered in GDM, including naive Tregs with reduced expression of AP-1 transcription factor subunits and effector Tregs with increased signalling of genes associated with angiogenesis. Expression levels of genes dysregulated in GDM Tregs were informative of GDM status in pseudobulk, placental and whole blood mRNA from independent cohorts. TXNIP, which regulates glucose levels, emerged as the most significant discriminator of GDM status from bulk mRNA.

conclusionsThis study uncovers transcriptional differences of Treg cell subsets from GDM patients and transcriptional markers informative of GDM status.

Identifiers

PMID41933176
PMCPMC13223204

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.