ArticleBMC nephrology2026
Arterial stiffness and incident chronic kidney disease risk: a two-phase retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe effect of arterial stiffness (AS) on incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in healthy individuals remains unclear. In this study, we examined the relationship between AS, measured using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and cardiovascular-metabolic comorbidities in predicting CKD development.
methodsThis two-phase retrospective cohort study used data from the Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital (2009–2021). The cross-sectional phase included 83,354 participants (77,711 without CKD and 5,643 with CKD), whereas the longitudinal phase included 13,738 participants. The association between baPWV and incident CKD was assessed using Cox regression analysis with restricted cubic splines, stratification, and mediation.
resultsCKD exhibited a prevalence of 6.77%. Participants with CKD had significantly higher baPWV than those without CKD. Compared to the reference category (< 1,400 cm/s), participants with baPWV ≥ 1,800 cm/s showed markedly increased odds of CKD development. Longitudinal analysis identified 403 incident CKD cases (2.93%) over a mean follow-up of 2.95 ± 2.02 years. A dose–response relationship was observed between baPWV and CKD development (p < 0.001), with the highest baPWV category conferring a 65% greater risk (p < 0.05). Mediation analysis showed significant indirect effects through systolic blood pressure (52.9%), diastolic blood pressure (45.1%), hyperlipidaemia (27.5%), and glycated haemoglobin (15.3%) (all p < 0.05).
conclusionsElevated baPWV values are associated with greater incident CKD risk, with blood pressure and glucose-lipid metabolism dysfunction potentially mediating this association. Further research is needed to determine whether interventions targeting AS and metabolic parameters reduce CKD incidence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.