Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41936013›Full record

ArticleTissue engineering and regenerative medicine2026

Regenerative effects of myogenic gene transfected MSC derived exosomes on radiation esophagitis.

Min-Kyung Kim, In Gul Kim, So Young Eom, Yewon Kim, Jin-A Kim, Jungirl Seok, Seok Chung, Hye-Joung Kim, Eun-Jae Chung

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Min-Kyung Kim *Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
In Gul Kim *Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
So Young EomSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Yewon KimDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jin-A KimSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Jungirl SeokDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Seok ChungSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Hye-Joung KimInstitute of Chemical Engineering Convergence System, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. choicekhj@korea.ac.kr.
Eun-Jae ChungDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. voicechung@snu.ac.kr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3918-7717

Funding

Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI) of the Ministry of Health & Welfare HI22C1323National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) 2023R1A2C1007783National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) RS-2023-00250715National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) RS-2024-00440577NAVER Digital Bio Innovation Research Fund 37-2025-0050
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRadiation esophagitis is a common adverse effect of radiotherapy for head and neck cancers, and is marked by irreversible damage and fibrosis of esophageal muscle tissue. Although mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is emerging as a promising approach for tissue regeneration, clinical translation remains challenging due to issues with cell viability and differentiation in vivo. This study evaluates the regenerative efficacy of exosomes derived from MSCs transfected with myogenic genes (MyoD, Myogenin, Myf6, referred to as Myo-MIX) using a murine model of radiation-induced esophageal fibrosis.

methodsHuman adipose-derived MSCs were transfected with Myo-MIX plasmids by electroporation, and exosomes were collected from conditioned media using ExoQuick. Nanoparticle tracking analysis and transmission electron microscopy were employed to characterize exosomal size and morphology. A mouse model of localized radiation-induced esophageal injury (10 Gy × 2 fractions) was generated and followed by intramuscular administration of Myo-MIX exosomes. Regenerative and anti-fibrotic outcomes were examined through Masson's trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry (α-SMA, Calponin, CD68), and quantitative RT-PCR.

resultsTreatment with Myo-MIX exosomes resulted in a pronounced decrease in fibrosis and inflammatory response compared to PBS-treated controls and naïve MSC-exosome groups. Enhanced restoration of muscular architecture was observed, accompanied by elevated expression of Calponin and α-SMA, and a reduction in CD68 + macrophage infiltration. Gene expression profiling indicated increased levels of myogenic and anti-fibrotic markers in the Myo-MIX exosome-treated group.

conclusionExosomes from myogenic gene-transfected MSCs significantly enhance esophageal muscle regeneration and attenuate fibrosis after radiation-induced damage. This cell-free therapeutic approach holds potential as a novel and practical strategy for addressing radiation esophagitis in patients receiving radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies.

Indexed as

EsophagitisExosomesMesenchymal Stem CellsMuscle DevelopmentRadiation InjuriesRadiation Injuries, ExperimentalRegenerationTransfectionAnimalsFibrosisHumansMiceExosomeFibrosisGene therapyHead and neck caccerRadiation therapy

Identifiers

PMID41936013
PMCPMC13212833

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.