Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41937853›Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in psychology2026

Evolution of soccer talent identification criteria: a systematic review from global perspectives (1976-2024).

Yikang Gong, Weichao Jiang, Yuan Li, Jinrong He, Wei Zhang, Wenzhe Li, Shiqin Chen, Chong Luo

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in psychology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yikang GongShanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Weichao JiangShanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Yuan LiShanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Jinrong HeShanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Wei ZhangBeijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Wenzhe LiShanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Shiqin ChenShanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Chong LuoShanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: This systematic review synthesizes the evolution of indicators used in global soccer talent identification (TID) between 1976 and 2024, with particular emphasis on how technological innovation, policy frameworks, and cultural contexts have shaped selection systems. In the context of accelerating globalization, TID criteria have progressively shifted from predominantly subjective, experience-based judgments to multidimensional and integrative evaluation models. Methods: A systematic review of empirical research published from 1976 to 2024 was conducted. Thirty-eight empirical studies meeting predefined inclusion criteria were synthesized to map historical shifts in TID indicators and to develop an evolutionary framework describing changes in identification practices over time. Results: The reviewed evidence supports a three-stage progression in soccer TID indicator development. The early stage (1976-1999) was dominated by anthropometric measures and basic physical fitness assessments. The developmental stage (2000-2015) featured the integration of technical performance metrics with physiological testing, reflecting expanding methodological capacity and sport-science uptake. The active stage (2016-2024) was characterized by multidimensional integration, with increased incorporation of psychological attributes and social adaptability alongside physical, technical, and physiological domains. Across stages, technological advancement and intensifying global competition emerged as major drivers of indicator expansion and methodological refinement. Tools such as wearable sensor systems, GPS tracking, and multidimensional assessment frameworks broadened the scope of quantifiable indicators and promoted more standardized evaluation workflows. Europe has been particularly influential in advancing standardization and disseminating related practices internationally. However, the review also demonstrates persistent regional differentiation: European systems generally emphasize data-driven precision and procedural standardization, whereas South American and African contexts more often prioritize the detection of latent potential and context-dependent performance under game-like conditions. Discussion: Global soccer TID indicators have evolved toward increasingly comprehensive, technology-enabled assessment systems, yet the trajectory of development remains shaped by regional philosophies of talent and contextual constraints. The findings underscore that effective TID systems should balance standardization with contextual sensitivity, integrating robust measurement with an appreciation of culturally embedded selection logics and ecologically valid performance demands.

Indexed as

cross-cultural adaptationdimensional evaluationdynamic evaluationselection criteriasoccer talent identification

Identifiers

PMID41937853
PMCPMC13045062

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.