ArticleFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2026
Comparing the expression patterns and differences of LOX and LOXL1 during the development of myodural bridge and ligamentum flavum.
Article in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ligamentum flavum (LF) is a passive stabilizing tissue that connects two adjacent vertebral arches and contributes to the enclosure the spinal canal, thereby closing the entire canal posteriorly. However, a gap exists at the posterior atlanto-occipital and atlanto-axial interspaces, where the LF is absent and replaced by the myodural bridge (MDB), which attaches to the spinal dura mater. The reasons for this anatomical difference and how it arises during development remain unclear. There are notable structural differences between MDB and LF. The MDB consists primarily of type I collagen fibers, while the LF contains both collagen and elastin fibers, with the latter comprising a higher proportion. This study speculates that LOX and LOXL1, as key regulators of fiber synthesis, play an essential role in the development of MDB and LF. Differences in the expression of LOX and LOXL1, which are involved in collagen and elastin cross-linking, may be one of the main factors underlying this structural divergence in the posterior cervical interspace. This study examined the cervicooccipital regions of rat embryos and young rats using histology, immunohistochemistry, and RT-qPCR to compare morphological and developmental differences between the MDB and LF. Additional experiments using the BAPN inhibitor were conducted to investigate the expression patterns and functional differences of LOX and LOXL1 during the development of the MDB and LF. Our aim is to clarify the developmental processes of the MDB and LF, identify the causes of structural differences in the posterior cervical interspaces, and reveal the molecular mechanisms regulating their formation. The conclusion of the current study as follows: ①The MDB and LF exhibit distinct histological developmental patterns: cells and fibers in the MDB align in an organized manner later than those in the LF, while the MDB forms its complete structures earlier than the LF. ②LOX and LOXL1 play critical roles in collagen and elastic fibers formation, mediating fiber synthesis in both the MDB and LF. ③Differential expression of LOX and LOXL1 during development leads to variations in fiber composition and maturation timing between the MDB and LF, contributing to their structural differences in the posterior cervical spinal interspace.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.