ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Europe2026
Association between changes in adherence to the planetary health diet and adiposity and body fat distribution: a cohort study.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Europe, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Lower chronic neck-back with higher planetary health diet adherence.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: The longitudinal relationship between planetary heath diets and adiposity remains understudied in Europeans. We investigated the association between changes in adherence to the EAT-Lancet planetary health diet (PHD) and changes in adiposity and body fat distribution. Methods: We evaluated 6845 adults (mean age 49.4 years, 51% women), with repeat assessments in the Fenland Study at baseline (2005-2015) and follow-up (2014-2020). Diet was assessed with food frequency questionnaires and scaled to the PHD Index (PHDI) as a measure of adherence to the PHD (range: 0-140 points). Anthropometry, total fat, visceral, subcutaneous fat and lean mass, and liver fat score was measured at both visits. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression, adjusted for sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical variables, assessed the association between changes in the PHDI and concurrent changes in adiposity. Findings: The mean (standard deviation) change in PHDI was 2.1 (±9.1) points. An increase in the PHDI (per 10 points, equivalent to ∼1 standard deviation), was associated negatively with changes in adiposity indices: total body weight (adjusted beta-coefficient: -0.47 kg; 95% confidence interval: -0.63, -0.31), waist circumference (-0.55 cm; -0.73, -0.37), fat mass (-0.43 kg; -0.56, -0.30), subcutaneous fat (-24.5 g; -34.0, 15.0), visceral fat (-40.0 g; -51.5, -28.5), liver fat score (-0.12; -0.15, -0.09), and lean mass (-0.08 kg; -0.13, -0.02). After further adjustment for changes in total body weight, inverse associations persisted for waist circumference, visceral fat, and liver fat. We found stronger associations among those with a BMI ≥30 kg/m Interpretation: Increasing adherence to the PHD in midlife may reduce or slow gaining adiposity and improve body fat distribution, with greater magnitude in those already obese. These findings suggest a beneficial impact of adherence to the PHD on adiposity in Europeans. Funding: Funded by the UK Medical Research Council, NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and the Independent Research Fund Denmark (1057-00016B) and Danish Diabetes Association.
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