Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41939717›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2026

Airborne microorganisms in muddy rain: microbe-mineral interactions and their ecosystem impact.

Azahara Navarro-Nieva, Fernando Martínez-Checa, Rafael Delgado, Jesús Párraga, M Pilar Francino, Nuria Jiménez-Hernández, Ana Del Moral

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Azahara Navarro-NievaDepartment of Soil Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Fernando Martínez-ChecaDepartment of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Rafael DelgadoDepartment of Soil Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Jesús PárragaDepartment of Soil Science, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
M Pilar FrancinoGenomics and Health Area of FISABIO-Public Health Valencian Region Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
Nuria Jiménez-HernándezGenomics and Health Area of FISABIO-Public Health Valencian Region Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain.
Ana Del MoralDepartment of Microbiology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The Sahara Desert and the Sahel region in North Africa contribute approximately 50-70% of global atmospheric dust emissions. Microorganisms can attach to dust particles and be dispersed into exogenous environments, being subsequently deposited by gravitational sedimentation (dry deposition) or through aqueous precipitation (wet deposition) also known as muddy rain. In the present work, five muddy rain samples were collected in Granada (Spain) during different episodes in 2021-2022. The SEM-EDX study demonstrated a high content of fine clay particles which may facilitate the atmospheric transport of microorganisms. The colonization of strategic microsites and the formation of mineral aggregates might be possible mineral-bacteria interactions. According to metagenomic analysis,

Indexed as

African dustatmosphereecosystemextremophilemineral-microbe interactionred rain

Identifiers

PMID41939717
PMCPMC13047118

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.