ArticleEnvironmental science & technology2026
Nonpyrogenic "Black" Nitrogen Likely Plays a Major Yet Underrecognized Role in the Global Nitrogen Cycle.
Article in Environmental science & technology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Condensed aromatic nitrogen (ConAN) is commonly found in soil and aquatic environments. ConAN is broadly viewed by the biogeochemistry community as a combustion-derived product leading to its frequent designation as pyrogenic "black" nitrogen. Here, we provide evidence that ConAN can also form through nonpyrogenic pathways. In an experiment simulating biomass oxidation, pine wood boards assembled with iron nails were exposed to 12 years of natural environmental conditions. Nitrogen concentrations increased from 0.2 to 1.2 wt % with increasing proximity to the nail. Ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry showed enrichment of nitrogen-containing compounds within the lignin and condensed aromatic domains. X-ray spectroscopic characterization revealed the development of C-N bonds and formation of pyridinic and pyrrolic nitrogen moieties. We propose plausible nonpyrogenic formation mechanisms for ConAN and perform back-of-the-envelope calculations suggesting that biomass oxidation yields a nonpyrogenic ConAN flux to soils of 3-63 Tg-N yr
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