ArticleScientific reports2026
LDL-C modifies the association between triglycerides and depression identified by threshold scanning in US adults.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Previous studies of the relationship between lipid levels and depression have yielded inconsistent findings. This inconsistency may relate to inter-lipid interactions. The current study employs a novel analytical approach to evaluate interactions among lipid parameters in relation to the odds of depression. This study utilized datasets obtained from the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey spanning 2005 to 2018. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, with a score ≥ 10 used to define depression. Survey-weighted generalized linear models first tested interaction effects between continuous triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol subtypes (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C], high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol). For statistically significant interactions, participants were dichotomized at each of 39 quantile points (2.5-97.5% at 2.5% intervals) of lipid 2. Sequential analyses determined whether these binary subgroups significantly modified the association between lipid 1 and depression. The optimal lipid 2 cutoff value was selected based on the multiple-comparison-adjusted P value for interaction across all quantiles. Sensitivity analyses evaluated cutoff value stability. A total of 8962 participants were included. The interaction analysis revealed a synergistic effect between TG and LDL-C on depression (interaction term β = 0.158, P = 0.03). Sequential interaction threshold analysis identified LDL-C = 3.6 mmol/L as the most significant effect modifier. In the subgroup with LDL-C levels ≥ 3.6 mmol/L, TG were significantly positively associated with depression (odds ratio 1.78; 95% confidence interval 1.30-2.42; P < 0.001), with a pronounced interaction effect (P
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