Evidence mapPaperPMID 41947431Full record

Observational studyJournal of oral rehabilitation2026

An Exploratory Evaluation of an Interactive Smartphone-Based Telephysiotherapy Application for Temporomandibular Disorders: A Multicentre Observational Study.

Ida Marini, Sandro Palla, Alessandro Maglioni, Gianfranco Albergo, Carlo Di Paolo, Vittorio Simeon, Giacomo Asquini, Ambra Michelotti, Roberta Cimino

Abstract readObservational StudyMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of oral rehabilitation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ida MariniDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Sandro PallaUniversity of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
Alessandro MaglioniDepartment of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7368-0149
Gianfranco AlbergoDepartment of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
Carlo Di PaoloDepartment of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
Vittorio SimeonDepartment of Mental Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.
Giacomo AsquiniItalian Stomatologic Institute, Craniomandibular Physiotherapy Service, Milan, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-7203
Ambra MichelottiDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
Roberta CiminoDepartment of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Oral Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTelerehabilitation may support adherence to home exercise for the management of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs), yet the usability and user satisfaction with dedicated smartphone applications remain underexplored.

objectiveThe primary aim of this multicentre prospective, observational, and exploratory study was to assess patient-reported satisfaction, motivation/self-efficacy, adherence, usability, and user-friendliness related to a home exercise program for temporomandibular disorders delivered through a smartphone application (MedicApp). The secondary aim was to evaluate dentist-reported outcomes related to the use of the application (perceived usefulness, usability/user-friendliness, and feasibility), whereas the tertiary aim was to explore the association between educational level and application usability.

methodsThe study was conducted by four dentists at three Italian universities and enrolled a total of 47 adult patients with painful TMD, diagnosed according to the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. Patients performed a 2-month home exercise program delivered through the MedicApp. The application features a dual-feedback mechanism: patients view tutorial videos in the lower part of the screen and record their own exercises in the upper part, which are uploaded to a server for review by the dentist, who may intervene if necessary. Two study-specific questionnaires were developed to assess the patient-reported and dentist-reported outcomes.

resultsOf the 47 patients, 43 (91%) followed the assigned protocol; 29 (62%) used video guidance consistently. Forty-five (96%) patients felt more confident, and 40 (85%) reported higher motivation using MedicApp. All 19 patients with previous experience with home exercises preferred MedicApp over traditional methods. Most found the smartphone application easy to use. All four dentists reviewed the recordings, intervened when needed, and perceived MedicApp as helpful for supporting adherence and communication.

conclusionWithin the limitations of this observational exploratory study, MedicApp was perceived favorably by patients with TMDs for supporting a home exercise program. Patients reported favorable perceptions of visual guidance and remote monitoring features. These findings, related to usability and implementation, require confirmation before broader implementation can be considered.

Indexed as

Exercise TherapyMobile ApplicationsSmartphoneTemporomandibular Joint DisordersAdultFemaleHumansItalyMaleMiddle AgedMotivationPatient CompliancePatient SatisfactionProspective StudiesSelf EfficacyTelemedicinedigital healthexercisemobile applicationstelemedicinetelerehabilitationtemporomandibular disorders

Identifiers

PMID41947431
PMCPMC13358417

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.