ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2026
Inflammatory biomarker outcomes associated with MDMA-assisted therapy: an open-label exploratory study.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05961527 (An Open-Label Feasibility and Safety Study of MDMA-Assisted Group Therapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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An Open-Label Feasibility and Safety Study of MDMA-Assisted Group Therapy for the Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Veterans
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3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with elevated inflammation and risk for chronic illness, yet few studies have examined inflammatory biomarker outcomes of PTSD interventions. Rapid PTSD symptom reduction has been observed following 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted therapy, which leverages MDMA as a prosocial adjunct to psychotherapy. No studies have evaluated inflammatory biomarker outcomes of MDMA-assisted therapy. This exploratory pilot study examined within-person changes in inflammatory biomarkers during MDMA-assisted group therapy for Veterans with PTSD (www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05961527). Methods: Blood plasma samples were collected from 23 Veterans at baseline and end-of-intervention. Hedges' g effect sizes were calculated for interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP). PTSD severity was assessed with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) at baseline and 30-day follow-up. Spearman's rho correlations were calculated among biomarkers, PTSD symptoms, and change scores. Results: Small increases were observed in IL-6 ( Conclusion: Findings suggest MDMA-assisted therapy may modulate inflammatory biomarkers and highlight biomarker-symptom relationships. Results are preliminary but may inform larger studies.
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