Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41947997›Full record

ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2026

Novel Pyrazole-3-Cyano-2-Pyridinone Hybrids as Multitarget Anti-Inflammatory Agents: Synthesis, Computational Modeling, and Biological Evaluation.

Bahgat R M Hussein, Ibrahim M Salem, Hossameldin A Aziz, Omar Alshazly, Heba A Hofny, Aliaa M Mohassab, Zuhier A Awan, Tarek S Ibrahim, Elsayed M Mahmoud, Stefan Bräse and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Bahgat R M HusseinDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
Ibrahim M SalemDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sphinx University, New Assuit City, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
Hossameldin A AzizDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Valley University, New Valley, 72511, Egypt.ORCID 0009-0005-3165-3025
Omar AlshazlyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, 82524, Sohag, Egypt.
Heba A HofnyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, 82524, Sohag, Egypt.
Aliaa M MohassabDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, 61519, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0001-7091-8034
Zuhier A AwanDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-4176-335X
Tarek S IbrahimDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Elsayed M MahmoudDepartment of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
Stefan BräseInstitute for Biological and Chemical System, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, 76131, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4845-3191
Mamdouh F A MohamedDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Valley University, New Valley, 72511, Egypt.ORCID 0000-0002-7046-1799

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: The development of multi-target anti-inflammatory agents represents a promising strategy to improve therapeutic efficacy while minimizing adverse effects associated with single-target drugs. In this study, a rational hybridization approach was employed to design pyrazole/3-cyano-2-pyridinone hybrids aimed at modulating key inflammatory mediators. Methods: A novel series of pyrazole/3-cyano-2-pyridinone hybrids was synthesized and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity. Nitric oxide (NO) production and iNOS activity were assessed in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. COX-1/COX-2, LOX (5-LOX and 15-LOX), PGE Results: Compounds Conclusion: The synthesized pyrazole/3-cyano-2-pyridinone hybrids demonstrated promising multi-target anti-inflammatory activity with favorable safety and pharmacokinetic profiles, highlighting their potential as lead candidates for further development.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalPyrazolesPyridonesAnimalsCyclooxygenase 1Cyclooxygenase 2Dose-Response Relationship, DrugLipopolysaccharidesMiceMolecular Docking SimulationMolecular Dynamics SimulationMolecular StructureNitric OxideNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIRAW 264.7 CellsAnti-Inflammatory AgentsAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCyclooxygenase 1Cyclooxygenase 2LipopolysaccharidesNitric OxideNitric Oxide Synthase Type IIpyrazolePyrazolesPyridonesTumor Necrosis Factor-alpha3-Cyano-2-pyridinone5-LOXAnti-inflammatoryCOX2HealthcareiNOSPyrazoleTNF-α

Identifiers

PMID41947997
PMCPMC13051196

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.