Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41948187›Full record

ArticleClinical epidemiology2026

Controlled Attenuation Parameter and Gallstone Disease Risk: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Mediation Analysis and Longitudinal Trajectory Modeling, Emphasizing Gender-Specific Effects.

Xuan Bai, Xiaofang Li, Qiaoling Wang, Qing Yuan, Jiong Lu, Min Gao, Jing Luo, Wenqian Yu, Hongyu Li, Guoheng Jiang and 9 more

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Article in Clinical epidemiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Xuan BaiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Xiaofang LiDepartment of Health Management Center, Ya'an People's Hospital, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
Qiaoling WangDepartment of Hepatological Surgery, Ya'an People's Hospital, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0002-9853-8759
Qing YuanDepartment of Hepatological Surgery, Ya'an People's Hospital, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0004-9582-3073
Jiong LuDivision of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Min GaoDivision of Biliary Tract Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Jing LuoDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Wenqian YuDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Hongyu LiDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Guoheng JiangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Menglin HeDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Yi JiangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Xin WangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Zijie ChenDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Hong YangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Cuihua ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Dingzi ZhouDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the Occupational Disease Centre of the West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
Ling ZhangDepartment of Health Management Center, Ya'an People's Hospital, Ya'an, People's Republic of China.
Xin WangDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-9325-3194

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The association between the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP)-a noninvasive marker for hepatic steatosis-and gallstone disease (GSD) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of CAP levels and their longitudinal trajectories on GSD risk and explore potential mediating pathways. Methods: A dynamic cohort of 6,308 adults without baseline GSD underwent serial health examinations in Ya'an, China, from January 2020 to April 2025. The statistical methods included multivariate Cox regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis, and mediation analysis. For sensitivity analyses, we performed gender-stratified analysis, trial sequential analysis (TSA), cumulative risk curve plotting, and re-analysis after excluding individuals with baseline diseases. Among 412 participants with ≥ 3 CAP measurements, group-based trajectory modelling (GBTM) identified CAP patterns and related them to GSD incidence. Results: Each 1-SD increase in CAP was associated with a 40% higher GSD risk, with a stronger association in women (HR = 1.96, Conclusion: CAP is positively and linearly associated with GSD risk, particularly in women. Persistently high CAP levels confer a significantly elevated GSD risk. HDL-C is a significant mediator.

Indexed as

cox regression modelgroup-based trajectory modellongitudinal association analysis

Identifiers

PMID41948187
PMCPMC13051354

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.