Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41950281›Full record

ArticlePloS one2026

Quality of informal care among informal caregivers of people with dementia: A latent profile and ROC analysis.

Chan Cai, Bing Cheng, Chongqing Shi, Wenli Shi, Chenyang Li, Cui Liu, Jin Sun

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Chan CaiInstitute of Nursing Research, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational, Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Bing ChengInstitute of Nursing Research, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational, Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Chongqing ShiInstitute of Nursing Research, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational, Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3104-7541
Wenli ShiInstitute of Nursing Research, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational, Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Chenyang LiInstitute of Nursing Research, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational, Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Cui LiuInstitute of Nursing Research, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational, Hazard Identification and Control, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
Jin SunYiling Hospital of Yichang City, Yichang, Hubei, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe quality of informal care for people with dementia (PwD) has gained increasing importance, as most PwD prefer home-based care over institutional placement. However, evidence-based intervention programs tailored to distinct care quality profiles remain limited. Additionally, the absence of clear thresholds to identify PwD receiving low-quality informal care poses a challenge for research and clinical practice. Thus, this study aimed to identify the profiles of quality of care (QoC) among informal caregivers of PwD, explore influencing factors of different profile, and determine the optimal cut-off score of the Exemplary Care Scale (ECS).

methodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 213 dyads of PwD and their informal caregivers were recruited from memory clinic, rehabilitation clinic, and neurological clinic of a tertiary hospitals and communities in Wuhan, Hubei, China, between July 15, 2023, and July 14, 2024. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was employed to identify QoC profiles. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to explore influencing factors of profile membership. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted to determine the ECS cut-off score.

resultsThree distinct QoC profiles were identified: high (24.41%), moderate (44.60%), and low (30.99%). Among informal caregivers, lower monthly income, insufficient social support, and higher perceived overload were associated with low QoC profile, whereas, better quality of pre-illness relationship with PwD and greater activities of daily living (ADL) of PwD were associated with high QoC. ROC analysis yielded an optimal ECS cut‑off score of 15, with high sensitivity (0.993) and specificity (0.955).

conclusionsThis study identified three distinct QoC profiles among caregivers of PwD, underscoring the heterogeneity of informal care quality. The identified predictors and the validated ECS cut‑off score of 15 provide an empirical basis for developing tailored screening tools and targeted interventions for high‑risk caregiver subgroups.

Indexed as

CaregiversDementiaQuality of Health CareAgedAged, 80 and overChinaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedROC Curve

Identifiers

PMID41950281
PMCPMC13061180

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.