Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41952012›Full record

ReviewDrug delivery and translational research2026

Advances in carrier-free nanodrug delivery systems.

Jin-Ye Liu, Yan-Yan Zheng, Shu-Yu Wang, Yan-Ping Bi, Ming-Shuang Sun, Ji-Fu Hao, Yu-Jing He

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Drug delivery and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jin-Ye LiuSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
Yan-Yan ZhengSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
Shu-Yu WangSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
Yan-Ping BiSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
Ming-Shuang SunSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China.
Ji-Fu HaoSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China. haojifu@163.com.
Yu-Jing HeSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, China. heyujing12@126.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82003677Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province ZR2020QH352,ZR2024MH097Taian Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Development Project 2024NS330the Academic Promotion Programme of Shandong First Medical University 2019LJ003Wellcome Trust 202401
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nanotechnology has propelled the development of nanodrug delivery systems (NDDS) with remarkable potential in disease diagnosis and therapy. Nevertheless, conventional NDDS relying on exogenous nano-carriers suffer from intrinsic limitations, including suboptimal drug-loading capacity and biocompatibility issues. In this context, carrier-free nanodrug delivery systems (CFNDDS), constructed through the intrinsic self-assembly of therapeutic molecules, have emerged as a paradigm-shifting alternative. CFNDDS enables drug loading efficiency close to the theoretical maximum, while effectively avoiding carrier-associated toxicity, thereby maximizing drug efficacy. This review meticulously elucidates the fundamental driving forces that regulate CFNDDS self-assembly and summarizes innovative delivery strategies based on single-drug, dual-drug, multi-drug, and prodrug modalities. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive survey of recent advancements in CFNDDS applications for treating various diseases, including cancer, fatty liver disease, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, fibrosis, and antibacterial infections. Analyzing the mechanism of action and application value of CFNDDS from multiple dimensions, perspectives, and levels provides a crucial theoretical basis for developing and researching the clinical use of drugs.

Indexed as

Drug Delivery SystemsNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemNanoparticlesAnimalsDrug CarriersHumansNanotechnologyDrug CarriersNanoparticle Drug Delivery SystemBiomedical applicationsCarrier-free nanodrug delivery systemsDriving forceNanotechnologySelf-assembly

Identifiers

PMID41952012

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.