Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41956302›Full record

ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2026

Examining the association between prenatal inflammation and postpartum depression in a large, prospective pregnancy cohort in New York City.

Lily E Cohen, Ezra Aydin, Carly Kaplan, Deepa Patel, Tess Rooney, Rushna Tubassum, Whitney Lieb, Lotje D De Witte, Veerle Bergink, Mercedes Perez-Rodriguez and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Lily E CohenDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Ezra AydinDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Carly KaplanDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Deepa PatelDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Tess RooneyDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Rushna TubassumDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Whitney LiebDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA; Blavatnik Family Women's Health Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA; Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, MarinHealth Medical Network, Greenbrae, CA, USA.
Lotje D De WitteDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Veerle BerginkDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Mercedes Perez-RodriguezDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA.
Anna-Sophie RommelDepartment of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York 10029, NY, USA. Electronic address: anna.rommel@mssm.edu.

Funding

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and peripheral markers of the neuropsychiatric sequelae of COVID-19: The Generation C-SF pregnancy studyR01MH127315 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Maria De Las Mercedes Perez Rodriguez, Lotje Dorothee de Witte · 2022 to 2026
$4.3M
The longer-term impact of prenatal exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infection and the COVID-19 vaccine on behavior, cognition, and brain functioning in the childR01HD109613 · NICHD · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Anna-Sophie Rommel · 2022 to 2026
$3.6M
NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD109613NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH127315
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The role of late-term maternal inflammation in the pathogenesis of postpartum depression is a subject of increasing research focus. In this prospective cohort study of 563 demographically and clinically diverse participants from New York City, we examined associations between third-trimester plasma levels of four inflammatory markers - IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and C-reactive protein (CRP) - and depressive symptoms 4-8 weeks postpartum, measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). EPDS scores were modeled continuously, categorically (EPDS ≥ 10), and across empirically derived symptom domains (anhedonia, anxiety, depression). Across all analytic models, we found no significant associations between plasma inflammatory markers and postpartum depressive symptoms after adjusting for clinical, demographic, and technical covariates. Our results do not support third-trimester inflammatory markers as standalone biomarkers of postpartum depression risk, but highlight the need to incorporate longitudinal immune profiling, multimodal biomarkers, and integrative psychosocial models to better elucidate mechanisms and improve prediction and prevention of postpartum depression.

Indexed as

Depression, PostpartumInflammationAdultBiomarkersCohort StudiesC-Reactive ProteinDepressionFemaleHumansInterleukin-17Interleukin-1betaInterleukin-6New York CityPregnancyPregnancy ComplicationsPregnancy Trimester, ThirdBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinInterleukin-17Interleukin-1betaInterleukin-6Cohort studyDepressionImmunologyInflammatory markerMaternal immune activationPregnancy

Identifiers

PMID41956302
PMCPMC13275106

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.