Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41957673›Full record

ArticleClinical epigenetics2026

Chromatinopathies: clinically overlapping disorders, revealing novel variants and their DNA methylation signatures.

Asuman Koparir, Jennifer Kerkhof, Jessica Rzasa, Eva Metzger, Paulina Bahena Carbajal, Konstantinos Kolokotronis, Erkan Koparir, Yvonne Jelting, Michaela A H Hofrichter, Jörg Klepper and 11 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical epigenetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Asuman Koparir *Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Jennifer KerkhofVerspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada.
Jessica Rzasa *Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada.
Eva MetzgerMVZ Genetikum GmbH, Neu-Ulm, Germany.
Paulina Bahena CarbajalInstitute of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
Konstantinos KolokotronisInstitute of Medical Genetics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Swiss Confederation, Switzerland.
Erkan KoparirCenter of Human Genetics, Tübingen, Germany.
Yvonne JeltingInstitute of Clinical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Michaela A H HofrichterInstitute of Clinical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Jörg KlepperDepartment of Pediatrics and Neuropediatrics, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg, Germany.
Thomas KönigDepartment of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Eva RunkelDepartment of Pediatrics and Neuropediatrics, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg, Germany.
Wahyu Eka PrastyoInstitute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Jonas DeinleinInstitute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Neda Dragicevic BabicInstitute of Clinical Genetics and Genomic Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Juliane SpieglerDepartment of Pediatrics, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Nicole StachelscheidDepartment of Pediatrics and Neuropediatrics, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Aschaffenburg, Germany.
Erdmute KunstmannInstitute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Thomas HaafInstitute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Bekim Sadikovic *Verspeeten Clinical Genome Centre, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada.
Eva Klopocki *Institute of Human Genetics, Julius Maximilians University Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany. eva.klopocki@uni-wuerzburg.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1438-2081

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChromatinopathies represent a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) caused by pathogenic variants in genes regulating chromatin structure and function. The phenotypic overlap and genetic complexity of these conditions pose significant diagnostic challenges, often resulting in unresolved variants of uncertain significance (VUS).

resultsWe investigated a cohort of 400 routine diagnostic individuals with NDD using whole-exome sequencing and genome-wide DNA methylation profiling via the clinically validated EpiSign assay. Episignature classification was used to aid in variant interpretation and to define molecular subtypes of chromatinopathy. Seventeen percent of individuals (67/400) harbored variants in chromatinopathy-associated genes, including 55 novel variants. DNA methylation profiling was performed in 60 individuals with 62 variants in chromatin regulator genes. Of these, 26 individuals (43%) exhibited disorder-specific episignatures consistent with the associated clinical diagnosis. Importantly, methylation profiles supported the pathogenicity of several variants previously classified as VUS and demonstrated diagnostic concordance with known disease-associated genes including ANKRD11, SETD5, KMT2A, KDM5C, CHD8, and others.

conclusionOur study highlights the improved diagnostic yield and clinical utility of combining genomic and epigenomic profiling in patients with clinically and/or genetically suspected chromatinopathies. Integration of EpiSign analysis facilitated variant reclassification, delineated genotype-epigenotype-phenotype correlations, and expanded the episignature atlas for rare neurodevelopmental disorders.

Indexed as

ChromatinDNA MethylationNeurodevelopmental DisordersAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesExome SequencingFemaleHumansInfantMaleChromatin

Identifiers

PMID41957673
PMCPMC13088768

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.