Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41959402›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Decoding epitope immunodominance in HIV Env using cryoEM and machine learning.

Jan S Schuhmacher, Shuhao Xiao, Elise R Eray, Sharidan Brown, Alexander Zambrowski, Aryan Jain, Daniel Montiel Garcia, Gabriel Ozorowski, Wenwen Zhu, Katrina Saam and 8 more

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

18 authors.

Jan S SchuhmacherSchool of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Shuhao XiaoSchool of Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Elise R EraySchool of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Sharidan BrownDepartment of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, United States of America.
Alexander ZambrowskiDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, United States of America.
Aryan JainDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, United States of America.
Daniel Montiel GarciaDepartment of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, United States of America.
Gabriel OzorowskiDepartment of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, United States of America.
Wenwen ZhuSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Katrina SaamDepartment of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, United States of America.
Tom G CanielsAmsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
John P MooreDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, United States of America.
Max CrispinSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
Rogier W SandersAmsterdam UMC, location University of Amsterdam, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Laboratory of Experimental Virology, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Srirupa ChakrabortyDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, United States of America.
Bruno E CorreiaSchool of Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
Andrew B WardDepartment of Integrative, Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, United States of America.
Aleksandar AntanasijevicSchool of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Funding

Structural studies of native-like SOSIP trimersP01AI110657 · NIAID · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI MOORE, JOHN P · 2015 to 2024
$35.4M
Pacific Northwest Center for Cryo-EM: Equipment SupplementR24GM154185 · NIGMS · OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY · PI James E Evans, CLAUDIA SUSANA LOPEZ · 2024 to 2026
$21.5M
Dissecting Polyclonal Sera to Reveal Correlates of Productive Immune Responses to HIVR01AI136621 · NIAID · SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, THE · PI Lars Oliver Hangartner, Andrew Barrett Ward · 2018 to 2026
$8.0M
NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI110657NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI136621NIGMS NIH HHS R24 GM154185
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Viral surface glycoproteins, such as the HIV envelope protein (Env), present numerous antibody (Ab) epitopes, yet immune responses consistently focus on only a subset, a phenomenon known as immunodominance. Although structural studies have provided insights into Env antigenicity, our understanding of the molecular features that govern efficient Ab engagement remains incomplete, thereby limiting the predictive and rational design of vaccines. Here, we characterized the structural determinants of epitope immunodominance in HIV Env by integrating high-resolution cryoEM-based polyclonal epitope mapping (cryoEMPEM) across different clades with quantitative analyses of epitope topology, accessibility, and physicochemical properties. More than 70 new structures were resolved to assemble a library of >100 Env-antibody complexes. These data informed the development of a surface-centric, machine-learning model to predict relative

Identifiers

PMID41959402
PMCPMC13060850

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.