Evidence mapPaperPMID 41960146Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in genetics2026

Genetic aetiology of global developmental delay and intellectual disability in Africa: a scoping review.

Norbert Dukuze, Janvier Hitayezu, Jeanne P Uyisenga, Olivier Hakizimana, Vincent Bours, Annette Uwineza, Abdullateef Isiaka Alagbonsi

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in genetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Norbert DukuzeCenter for Human Genetics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Janvier HitayezuDepartment of Paediatrics, University Teaching Hospital of Kigali (CHUK), Kigali, Rwanda.
Jeanne P UyisengaDepartment of Biology, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Olivier HakizimanaDepartment of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda.
Vincent BoursCenter for Human Genetics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sart-Tilman, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium.
Annette Uwineza *Center for Human Genetics, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda.
Abdullateef Isiaka Alagbonsi *Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Huye, Rwanda.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The genetic aetiology of global developmental delay (GDD) and intellectual disability (ID) in Africa is poorly understood. This review synthesises the available information on this topic. Methods: Original articles published in the English language between January 2000 and June 2024 on the African population were included. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Of all the 54 African countries, only 13 reported the genetic factors associated with GDD and ID. The genes related to GDD and ID were reported in Egypt (22), Tunisia (17), Morocco (16), South Africa (10), Algeria (4), Sudan (3), Libya (2), Nigeria (2), Rwanda (4), Mali (1), Cameroon (1), DRC (2), and Tanzania (1), although some genes were reported in more than one African country. At least 45 genes associated with GDD and ID have been reported in the African population, whereas 21 genes associated with these disorders are yet to be documented in Africa. Conclusion: This review provides, to the best of our knowledge, the first comprehensive review of the genetic aetiology of GDD and ID in Africa. It presents an imbalance of gene research on GDD and ID across African regions, with North African countries dominating this field of study.

Indexed as

Africachromosomal abnormalitiesepigeneticsglobal developmental delayintellectual disability

Identifiers

PMID41960146
PMCPMC13061389

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.