Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41963791›Full record

ArticleBMC plant biology2026

Mitochondrial genome of the invasive weed Amaranthus palmeri: structural features, RNA editing, and evolutionary insights.

Jiahao Zheng, Xinyu Bai, Tingting Zhu, Ang Li, Jing Yan, Huiru Li, Zhechen Qi, Shaojun Dai, Xiaoling Yan

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC plant biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jiahao ZhengZhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Xinyu BaiZhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Tingting ZhuZhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
Ang LiKey Laboratory of East China Plant Conservation and Utilization, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China.
Jing YanKey Laboratory of East China Plant Conservation and Utilization, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China.
Huiru LiKey Laboratory of East China Plant Conservation and Utilization, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China.
Zhechen QiZhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China. zqi@zstu.edu.cn.
Shaojun DaiDevelopment Center of Plant Germplasm Resources, College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China. daishaojun@shnu.edu.cn.
Xiaoling YanKey Laboratory of East China Plant Conservation and Utilization, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China. xlyan@cemps.ac.cn.

Funding

the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province, grant number LY21C030008the Special Fund for Scientific Research of Shanghai Landscaping & City Appearance Administrative Bureau G252409
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAmaranthus palmeri is one of the most aggressive invasive weeds worldwide, causing severe yield losses in major crops and exhibiting widespread herbicide resistance. Although its nuclear genome has been extensively studied, the mitochondrial genome, which plays essential roles in stress responses and reproductive development, remains unexplored.

resultsIn this study, we report the first complete assembly and annotation of the A. palmeri mitogenome. The circular mitochondrial genome is 348,126 bp long (GC content 42.8%) and contains 54 genes: 30 protein-coding, 21 tRNA, and 3 rRNA. Comparative analysis with A. tricolor revealed differences in codon usage, repeat elements, RNA editing (296 versus 311 C-to-U sites), and intracellular gene transfer. A total of 1,243 repeat elements were identified in A. palmeri, compared to 1,176 in A. tricolor. We analyzed genome structure and synteny among seven species in the family Amaranthaceae, and reconstructed phylogenetic trees for these seven and 16 additional representative taxa (23 total).

conclusionsThis study presents the first assembly and annotation of the mitochondrial genome of A. palmeri, revealing codon bias, repeat elements, RNA editing, and intracellular gene transfer. These results provide valuable insights into mitochondrial genome evolution and inform the development of mitochondrial markers for species identification, population monitoring, and lineage tracking, thereby supporting the management of A. palmeri.

Indexed as

AmaranthusEvolution, MolecularGenome, MitochondrialPlant WeedsRNA EditingIntroduced SpeciesPhylogenyAmaranthaceaeAmaranthus palmeriGenome assemblyIntracellular gene transferInvasive speciesMitochondrial genomePhylogenetic analysisRepeat elementsRNA editing

Identifiers

PMID41963791
PMCPMC13181955

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.