Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41965237›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet. Planetary health2026

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene exposure, cognition, and cortical thickness at middle age in US Latinas (the CHAMACOS Maternal Cognition Study): a prospective cohort study.

Brenda Eskenazi, Yishu Chao, Lucia Calderon, Stephen Rauch, Katherine Kogut, Marcella Warner, Robert B Gunier, Nina Holland, Weihong Guo, Hector M González and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet. Planetary health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Brenda EskenaziCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA. Electronic address: eskenazi@berkeley.edu.
Yishu ChaoDepartment of Neuroscience, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Lucia CalderonDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Stephen RauchCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA.
Katherine KogutCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA.
Marcella WarnerCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA.
Robert B GunierCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA.
Nina HollandCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA.
Weihong GuoCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA.
Hector M GonzálezDepartment of Neurosciences and Shiley-Marcos Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Julianna DeardorffCenter for Environmental Research and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA.
William J JagustSchool of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Jacqueline M TorresDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Funding

Project C: Epigenetic Effects of DDT/E and PBDEs on PubertyP01ES009605 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI ESKENAZI, BRENDA · 1999 to 2015
$11.2M
Life-course social adversity, pesticide exposure, and cognitive outcomes among an ongoing cohort of mid-life Latina women in an under served agricultural regionR01AG069090 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI TORRES, JACQUELINE MARIE · 2020 to 2024
$7.8M
DDT & PBDE exposure, puberty onset and neurodevelopment in Mexican-American girlsR01ES017054 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI ESKENAZI, BRENDA · 2009 to 2013
$3.2M
Maintaining and Expanding the CHAMACOS Epidemiology Cohort Infrastructure for Future GenerationsR24ES028529 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI Robert Gunier · 2017 to 2026
$2.0M
Fostering Scientific and Workforce Diversity by Maintaining and Enriching the CHAMACOS Birth CohortU24ES028529 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI GUNIER, ROBERT · 2023 to 2025
$1.1M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG069090NIEHS NIH HHS P01 ES009605NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES017054NIEHS NIH HHS R24 ES028529NIEHS NIH HHS U24 ES028529
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a persistent organochlorine pesticide, continues to be used for malaria control under the Stockholm Convention. We investigated associations between exposure to DDT and its metabolite dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and midlife cognitive function and brain structure among primarily Mexican-born Latina women in an agricultural community in California, USA.

methodsIn the CHAMACOS Maternal Cognition Study, a prospective cohort study, we assessed global and domain-specific cognitive performance in 472 women. A subset of 95 women underwent T1-weighted brain MRI to measure cortical thickness. We evaluated associations between serum p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE concentrations-measured 12 years earlier-and cognitive Z scores and cortical thickness using linear regression. Bayesian hierarchical models accounted for co-exposure to other organochlorine pesticides. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype was assessed as a potential modifier.

findingsHigher p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE concentrations were significantly associated with lower executive function scores (p,p'-DDT β=-0·10 [95% CI -0·18 to -0·02]; p,p'-DDE β=-0·09 [-0·19 to 0·00]; SDs per ten-fold increase in serum concentration). No associations were observed with other cognitive domains. Results were robust to adjustment for APOE genotype and organochlorine co-exposures. No effect modification by APOE ε4 status was found. Both exposures were associated with greater frontal lobe cortical thickness, particularly in the medial orbitofrontal and pars orbitalis regions.

interpretationp,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE exposure was associated with reduced executive function more than a decade later, and with altered frontal brain structure. These findings suggest potential long-term neurodevelopmental effects of legacy organochlorine exposure and warrant further investigation.

fundingUS National Institutes of Health and US Environmental Protection Agency.

Indexed as

CognitionDDTDichlorodiphenyl DichloroethyleneEnvironmental ExposurePesticidesAdultCaliforniaFemaleHispanic or LatinoHumansMiddle AgedProspective StudiesDDTDichlorodiphenyl DichloroethylenePesticides

Identifiers

PMID41965237
PMCPMC13150935

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.