ArticleScientific reports2026
Prebiotic xylooligosaccharides ameliorate metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease via modulating gut microbiota and metabolites.
Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
The study investigated the dose-dependent protective effects of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in mice, focusing on gut microbiota and microbial metabolites. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a low-fat diet(LFD), a high-fat diet (HFD), HFD supplemented with low-dose XOS (0.38 g/kg), or HFD supplemented with high-dose XOS (1.0 g/kg) for 16 weeks. Hepatic histology, serum biochemistry, ileal morphology, gut microbiota composition (16 S rRNA gene sequencing), and fecal metabolites profiles were analyzed. High-dose XOS, but not low-dose, significantly reduced serum Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and Triglycerides (TG) levels, alleviated hepatic steatosis, and improved the villus height-to-crypt depth ratio. It attenuated HFD-induced enrichment of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae, while restoring the abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Bifidobacteriaceae and Bacillaceae. Metabolomic analysis revealed rebalancing of the tryptophan-indole and arachidonic-acid pathways, with reduced pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and kynurenine derivatives, and increased hepatoprotective indole derivatives and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. High-dose XOS reconstructs the gut microbiota-metabolite network toward an anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective state in HFD-fed mice, underscoring the importance of dose optimization in XOS-based interventions for MASLD.
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