Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41968829›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of technology assessment in health care2026

Implementing the EU HTA regulation and joint clinical assessment: a multi-stakeholder perspective from Italy.

Michela Meregaglia, Francesco Costa, Ludovico Cavallaro, Patrizio Armeni, Monica Hildegard Otto

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of technology assessment in health care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Michela Meregagliahttps://ror.org/05crjpb27SDA Bocconi School of Management, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0092-5970
Francesco Costahttps://ror.org/05crjpb27SDA Bocconi School of Management, Italy.
Ludovico Cavallarohttps://ror.org/05crjpb27SDA Bocconi School of Management, Italy.
Patrizio Armenihttps://ror.org/05crjpb27SDA Bocconi School of Management, Italy.
Monica Hildegard Ottohttps://ror.org/05crjpb27SDA Bocconi School of Management, Italy.

Funding

AstraZenecaBoehringer IngelheimNovartisPfizerSanofi
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Regulation (EU) 2021/2282 on Health Technology Assessment (HTAR), which applies as of January 2025, introduces the Joint Clinical Assessment (JCA) for selected health technologies and establishes a stakeholder network. This study aims to evaluate the expected impact of the implementation of the HTAR from a multi-stakeholder perspective, using Italy as a case study.

methodsA scoping literature review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines to inform the development of an interview guide. Target participants included Italian stakeholder representatives with an interest in the HTAR. One-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted virtually at the end of 2024. The questions were categorized into three main topics: expected benefits and opportunities; foreseen risks or challenges; recommended actions. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic content analysis techniques.

resultsThirteen participants included representatives from national and regional HTA bodies, health technology developers' associations, health professional associations, patient organizations, and HTA experts. The JCA is expected to enhance the quality of clinical assessment and to result in faster and more equitable access to health innovations. However, the timing will depend on the extent to which Member States require complementary analyses. Health technology developers benefit from submitting a single JCA dossier, but often cope with limited evidence and short-term deadlines. The interviewees recommended harmonizing evidence standards, investing in HTA education and training, and fostering strategic stakeholder collaborations. DISCUSSION: The process of harmonization induced by the HTAR is beneficial to standardize clinical assessment at the EU level, but needs to reconcile different stakeholder perspectives.

Indexed as

Stakeholder ParticipationTechnology Assessment, BiomedicalEuropean UnionHumansInterviews as TopicItalyHealth Technology Assessment (HTA)HTA Regulation (HTAR)ItalyJoint Clinical Assessment (JCA)stakeholders

Identifiers

PMID41968829
PMCPMC13078104

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.