Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41969156›Full record

ArticleDiabetes, obesity & metabolism2026

Impact of Simulated Risk Factor Management on Cardiovascular Disease and Costs in Type 2 Diabetes Using the ABC Model.

Lee-Ling Lim, Eric S H Lau, Juliana N M Lui, Linong Ji, A G Unnikrishnan, Sirinart Sirinvaravong, Siew-Pheng Chan, Soo Lim, Andrea O Y Luk, Juliana C N Chan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Diabetes, obesity & metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lee-Ling LimDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6214-6924
Eric S H LauDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.
Juliana N M LuiDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4034-1286
Linong JiDepartment of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1305-1598
A G UnnikrishnanDepartment of Endocrinology, Chellaram Diabetes Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Sirinart SirinvaravongDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Siew-Pheng ChanDepartment of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Soo LimDepartment of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-1671
Andrea O Y LukDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5244-6069
Juliana C N ChanDepartment of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1325-1194

Funding

Servier
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsWe evaluated the impact of scenario-based multifactorial control on the 3-year incidence of fatal/non-fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated healthcare costs in Asian patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND

methodsWe applied the validated 'ABC' model to simulate the 3-year impact of attaining multiple treatment targets (HbA

resultsAmongst 103 958 patients with T2D (53.4% men, 12.0% current smokers, mean [SD] age 57.6 [11.8], HbA

conclusionsMultifactorial management of cardiometabolic risk factors may have a substantial impact on CVD prevention, with cost savings in patients with T2D.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic AngiopathiesHealth Care CostsAgedAsiaComputer SimulationFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHeart Disease Risk FactorsHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSmoking CessationGlycated Hemoglobincardiovascular diseaseglycaemic controlhealth economicsreal‐world evidencerisk predictiontype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID41969156
PMCPMC13244001

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.