ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2026
Chronic kidney disease burden from 1990 to 2023 in China: national and provincial insights from the Global Burden of Diseases study 2023.
Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Identification and expression validation of key genes of Xiaozhengtongluo formula in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy by Mendelian randomization.Functional & integrative genomics · 2026Article
- Chronic kidney disease due to hypertension in China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea: trends from the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2023.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Targeting Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathophysiological Insights and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Cardiovascular Entropy and Mortality Prediction in Hemodialysis Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Construction and regional application of an integrated model for early screening and tiered management of chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known as a silent killer and poses considerable disease burden. This study aimed to assess the disease burden of CKD in China and its provinces from 1990 to 2023. Methods: This study used data on CKD in China and its provinces from the Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD) 2023, and analyzed the disease burden of CKD in 2023 and its change from 1990 to 2023 using indicators including prevalence, death, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Findings: China had 156.15 (95% UI: 146.77-167.88) million people with CKD in 2023, resulting in 153.89 (95% UI: 128.52-182.22) thousand deaths, 3.23 (95% UI: 2.71-3.80) million YLLs, 1.87 (95% UI: 1.36-2.45) million YLDs, and a total of 5.10 (95% UI: 4.35-5.84) million DALYs, which is higher than that in 1990 with 75.42 million people with CKD, 119.50 (95% UI: 88.26-158.14) thousand deaths, 3.79 (95% UI: 2.89-4.82) million YLLs, 0.78 (95% UI: 0.57-1.02) million YLDs, 4.57 (95% UI: 3.63-5.64) million DALYs. The mortality and DALYs rates of CKD in 2023 demonstrated significant regional heterogeneity, with a heavier burden being observed in western and southern China. Males and the elderly aged ≥65 years bored a higher mortality and DALYs rates compared to their counterparts. From 1990 to 2023, we discerned a notable escalation in the CKD burden attributed to T2DM and hypertension, but the contribution of glomerulonephritis and T1DM displayed a declining trajectory in deaths, YLLs and DALYs. Despite an increase in the number of CKD-related deaths, YLDs, and DALYs from 1990 to 2023, the age-standardized mortality rate, YLDs rate and DALYs rate of CKD declined by 52.89% (95% UI: 33.72-66.16), 7.94% (95% UI: 0.42%-18.60%), 51.04% (95% UI: 37.58%-60.82%). Causal attribution analysis indicated that hypertension (19.6%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (18.9%), and glomerulonephritis (10.9%) constituted the leading causes for CKD mortality in 2023. Concurrently, the top five risk factors impacting CKD burden across mortality, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs were high fasting plasma glucose, high systolic blood pressure, dietary risks, high body mass index, and non-optimal temperature. Interpretation: In the past three decades, the number of people with CKD and its related deaths significantly increased in China, which exhibits a heavy disease burden, with evident population and spatial heterogeneity. Preventing and improving management of kidney function, diabetes and hypertension will be very helpful for reducing CKD burden in China. The findings can assist Chinese government in policymaking of CKD prevention and management. Funding: The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFC3605000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42505175; 42075173; 42275187), the Medical and Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (2022QNRC001), the Science and Technology Program of Liwan District, Guangzhou (20240601), the Talent Support Project of Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2023D001).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.