Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41972181›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026

The dual role of T cells in solid organ transplant rejection and immune tolerance.

Zixuan Zhang, Nian Zhao, Yanxia Miao, Yubao Sun, Chen Liu, Ning Cao, Chunping Liu, Yunlong Ding, Jun Li, Niannian Li

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Zixuan Zhang *School of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Nian Zhao *Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Yanxia MiaoWeifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Yubao SunWeifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Chen LiuWeifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Ning CaoSchool of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Chunping LiuSchool of Clinical Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Yunlong DingWeifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Jun LiWeifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.
Niannian LiWeifang People's Hospital, Weifang, Shandong, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Solid organ transplantation, a major breakthrough in modern medicine, has saved countless patients with end-stage organ failure. However, immune rejection remains the primary obstacle to transplant success. As the central effector cells of adaptive immunity, T cells drive acute rejection by directly recognizing donor alloantigens (such as MHC molecules) or indirectly recognizing processed donor antigens presented by antigen-presenting cells. Recent studies have revealed the dual roles of distinct T cell subsets in rejection or tolerance: pro-inflammatory Th1, Th2, Th17, and CD8

Indexed as

Graft RejectionImmune ToleranceOrgan TransplantationT-Lymphocyte SubsetsTransplantation ToleranceAnimalsCytokinesHumansT-Lymphocytes, RegulatoryCytokinesCD4+ T cellsCD8+ T cellsimmune rejectionimmune tolerancesolid organ transplantationT cellsTregs

Identifiers

PMID41972181
PMCPMC13061674

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.