ArticleToxicology reports2026
Comprehensive sub-chronic toxicological profiling of illegal artisanal small-scale mining-polluted river bodies in four regions of Ghana.
Article in Toxicology reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Illegal artisanal mining, or 'Galamsey', in Ghana poses serious public health risks by contaminating water bodies with toxic heavy metals. This study assessed the sub-chronic toxicological effects of mining-polluted rivers in four Ghanaian regions using rats as an experimental model. A 90-day sub-chronic toxicity test was conducted using water samples from four regions associated with mining-polluted rivers: Bonsa, Birim, Nyam, and Subiri. Heavy metal analysis was conducted on the sampled water from these selected illegal mining-prone rivers. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups: two controls (distilled water and pristine river) and four treatment groups (contaminated water from the four rivers). Rats were given 2 mL of water from each water source for 90 days. After 90 days, rats were anaesthetized. Blood samples were analyzed for hormonal, hematological, and several biochemical markers. Fasting blood sugar, urine, and semen analyses were also performed. Rats were euthanized, and organs were harvested for histopathological analysis. Lead was significantly (p < 0.05
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