Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41973026›Full record

ArticleHealth expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy2026

A Pre-Post Study of the Feasibility, Acceptability and Benefits of a Co-Design Approach for the Development of a Digital Suicide Prevention App for International Students.

Christina Ng, Tanvi Shaikh, Jo Robinson, Jennifer Nicholas, Vivienne Browne, Gina Chinnery, Isabella Choi, Bailey Nation-Ingle, Kristal Allison, Ella Perlow and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Christina NgOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Tanvi ShaikhOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Jo RobinsonOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Jennifer NicholasOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Vivienne BrowneOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Gina ChinneryOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Isabella ChoiSydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Bailey Nation-IngleSuicide Prevention and Response Office, Victorian Department of Health, Victorian Government, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Kristal AllisonSuicide Prevention and Response Office, Victorian Department of Health, Victorian Government, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Ella PerlowSuicide Prevention and Response Office, Victorian Department of Health, Victorian Government, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Michelle LamblinOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Ellie BrownOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-1645-5443
Gregory ArmstrongCentre for Mental Health and Community Wellbeing, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-8073-9213
Madhavan ManiThriver Consulting, Moggill, Queensland, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-3384-8070
Samuel McKayOrygen, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-2700-5285

Funding

National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator ID2008460Suicide Prevention Australia LimitedUniversity of MelbourneVictorian Government Department of Jobs, Skills, Industry and Regions
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInterest in co-design for suicide prevention is growing, yet few studies have evaluated feasibility, acceptability and impact, particularly for culturally and linguistically diverse populations. This study assessed a co-design process used to develop a digital suicide prevention intervention with international students in Australia.

designWe conducted a mixed-methods pre-post evaluation across 10 student and three stakeholder workshops. Participants were 27 international students (57.7% with lived experience of suicidal thoughts and behaviours) from 18 countries and 21 sector stakeholders (education, well-being and student services). Surveys assessed feasibility, acceptability, safety, satisfaction, perceived benefits and confidence in co-design skills. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests; open-ended responses were thematically summarised.

resultsWorkshops were feasible, with high ratings for accessibility, support and safety. International students reported high acceptability and satisfaction, with significant increases in co-design confidence (e.g., collaborating, adapting, participating and influencing outcomes) and perceived benefits (greater mental-health literacy, empowerment, social connection and belonging). Stakeholders reported moderate to high acceptability and valued cross-sector learning and system insights; confidence ratings showed no measurable change. Safety ratings were high for both groups.

conclusionsCo-design was feasible, acceptable and safe, and associated with benefits for participants. Findings support co-design as a practical, capacity-building approach for developing culturally responsive digital suicide-prevention initiatives for culturally and linguistically diverse populations. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: An expert advisory group of international students with lived experience of suicide provided ongoing guidance. International students and sector stakeholders co-designed the intervention and contributed to planning, design, implementation and review.

Indexed as

Mobile ApplicationsStudentsSuicide PreventionAdultAustraliaFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansMaleYoung Adultco‐designculturally and linguistically diverse (CALD)digital interventioninternational studentsparticipatory researchPPIsuicide prevention

Identifiers

PMID41973026
PMCPMC13074425

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.