SynthesisLa Radiologia medica2026
Imaging-based 3D-printed anatomical models for preoperative planning in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery: a single-center pilot study, cost analysis, and systematic review.
Synthesis in La Radiologia medica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Robotic hepatectomy for benign liver disease: single-centre consecutive series and meta-analysis comparing minimally invasive and open approaches.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Pooled it
- The role of preoperative 3D reconstruction in optimizing surgical planning and intraoperative guidance during laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy: a pilot study.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Patient-specific three-dimensional (3D)-printed models are increasingly used to optimize preoperative planning in complex hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) surgery. This single-center study evaluated their anatomical accuracy, clinical utility, cost efficiency, and educational value for surgical planning and training. Three patients with complex HPB lesions (pancreatic head adenocarcinoma, ampullary carcinoma, and giant hepatic hemangioma) were selected based on lesion size (> 3 cm) and suspected vascular or biliary involvement. Imaging data were segmented to produce multicolored 3D-printed models, which were used for preoperative simulation and surgical team training. An educational study was also conducted: 56 medical students were randomized to traditional learning (control) or to learning with a 3D-printed model (experimental) before completing an anatomy quiz. In parallel, a systematic review of the literature up to October 8, 2025, was conducted to evaluate the current evidence on the impact and applications of 3D printing in HPB surgery. All patient-specific 3D-printed models reproduced each patient's anatomy, including tumors and their spatial relationships to vasculature and bile ducts. Model production required ~ 33 h on average, and material cost was ~ €55 per model. Students exposed to 3D-printed models scored higher on anatomy quizzes, indicating significantly better 3D spatial understanding than controls (p < 0.001). The systematic review identified 14 studies (2014-2024; 218 patients), confirming that 3D printing improves anatomical understanding, surgical planning, and education while remaining cost-effective. Patient-specific 3D-printed models enhance surgeons' understanding of complex anatomy, enable personalized operative planning, and advance surgical education in HPB surgery, offering a cost-effective, high-fidelity tool with promising clinical and educational impact.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.