Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41973471›Full record

ArticleJournal of clinical laboratory analysis2026

Evaluation of Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 (sTREM2) in Cerebrospinal Fluid, Serum, and Plasma Using the Fully Automated Lumipulse Platform.

Luisa Agnello, Anna Maria Ciaccio, Fabio Del Ben, Caterina Maria Gambino, Tommaso Piccoli, Mauro Midiri, Concetta Scazzone, Anna Masucci, Martina Tamburello, Marcello Ciaccio

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of clinical laboratory analysis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Luisa AgnelloDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Anna Maria CiaccioDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Childcare, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Fabio Del BenImmunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers, Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico (CRO)-IRCCS, Aviano, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-0669
Caterina Maria GambinoDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Tommaso PiccoliDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Unit of Neurology, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Mauro MidiriDepartment of Health Promotion, Mother and Childcare, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Concetta ScazzoneDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Anna MasucciDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Martina TamburelloDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
Marcello CiaccioDepartment of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Clinical Molecular Medicine, and Clinical Laboratory Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn this study, we first evaluated the relationship between sTREM2 concentrations in CSF, serum, and plasma of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients using the newly developed Lumipulse G sTREM2 assay.

methodssTREM2 was measured by the fully automated Lumipulse G1200 platform (Fujirebio). Associations and agreement between matrices were assessed using Passing-Bablok regression, Spearman correlation, and Bland-Altman analyses. Sub-analyses explored the influence of disease stage and tau pathology.

resultsMedian sTREM2 concentrations were highest in CSF, followed by serum and plasma. Serum and CSF sTREM2 levels showed a moderate but significant correlation (ρ = 0.32; p = 0.0012), although regression analysis indicated poor linearity. In contrast, serum and plasma sTREM2 levels were strongly correlated (ρ = 0.74; p < 0.001). The association between CSF and serum sTREM2 levels was independent of total and phosphorylated tau. Notably, a strong CSF-serum correlation was observed in the MCI due to AD group (ρ = 0.74) but was completely lost in overt AD dementia, demonstrating a clear disease stage-dependent relationship.

conclusionCSF and blood sTREM2 capture partly distinct biological processes and show limited overall agreement. While serum and plasma sTREM2 are closely related, they are not interchangeable.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseMembrane GlycoproteinsReceptors, ImmunologicAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersFemaleHumansMaletau ProteinsBiomarkersMembrane GlycoproteinsReceptors, Immunologictau ProteinsTREM2 protein, humanAlzheimer's diseaseautomated immunoassaybiomarkersbloodcerebrospinal fluidLumipulse platformmicroglia

Identifiers

PMID41973471
PMCPMC13327474

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.