Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41975458›Full record

Trial reportJournal of physiological anthropology2026

Effects of later dinner timing on subsequent metabolic function and nocturnal sleep in healthy young women.

Minori Enomoto, Shingo Kitamura, Taiki Kunieda, Taisuke Eto

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of physiological anthropology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Minori EnomotoDepartment of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology, 5-23-22, Nishikamata, Ohta-Ku, Tokyo, 144-8535, Japan. enomotomr@stf.teu.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8585-9479
Shingo KitamuraDepartment of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9607-1812
Taiki KuniedaDepartment of Medical Technology, School of Health Sciences, Tokyo University of Technology, 5-23-22, Nishikamata, Ohta-Ku, Tokyo, 144-8535, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0008-1835-5228
Taisuke EtoDepartment of Sleep-Wake Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8553, Japan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0347-7408

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study aimed to investigate the effects of dinner timing on subsequent sleep architecture and glucose metabolism in healthy young women, using objective and integrated physiological measures in a real-life setting.

methodsWe conducted a randomized crossover trial with two dinner timing conditions: 1 h and 5 h before habitual bedtime. Each intervention lasted 6 days (Day 0 to Day 5), including a baseline day (Day 0) and 4 intervention days (Days 1-4). Dinner provided 709-740 kcal, with consistent macronutrient composition across conditions. Overnight sleep electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded on Day 0 and Day 4, and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was conducted throughout the experimental period. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed after waking on Day 5.

resultsThirteen healthy young women (21.4 ± 0.6 years) participated. On Day 4, the late-dinner condition (1 h before bedtime) resulted in significantly shorter total sleep time (TST, p = 0.013) and reduced sleep efficiency (SE, p = 0.040) and significantly higher wake after sleep onset (WASO, p = 0.017), Arousal Index (p = 0.041), number of stage-shifts (p = 0.016), and Stage-Shift Index (p = 0.003). The iAUC for postprandial glucose showed a significant interaction (p = 0.042), with lower values on Days 3 and 4 than on Day 1 (p = 0.090). OGTT results showed no significant changes.

conclusionDinner consumed 1 h before bedtime was associated with reduced sleep continuity and stability, while only transient changes in postprandial glucose dynamics were observed. In healthy young women, eating close to bedtime may affect sleep architecture, warranting further investigation.

Indexed as

MealsSleepAdultBlood GlucoseContinuous Glucose MonitoringCross-Over StudiesElectroencephalographyFemaleGlucose Tolerance TestHumansSleep DurationTime FactorsYoung AdultBlood GlucoseContinuous glucose monitoringFood timingGlucoseMealsSleep

Identifiers

PMID41975458
PMCPMC13196191

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.