ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Longitudinal Whole-Exome Sequencing of Cell-Free DNA Reveals Molecular Evolution and Heterogeneous Clinical Outcomes in PD-L1 Stratified Advanced NSCLC Adenocarcinoma Patients Treated with Atezolizumab.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression is routinely used to guide immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), yet clinical benefit remains heterogeneous even among PD-L1-high tumors. Liquid biopsy based on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) enables minimally invasive, real-time monitoring of tumor evolution. We report four cases of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma treated with atezolizumab, integrating longitudinal whole-exome sequencing (WES) of cfDNA with radiological assessment. Four patients with PD-L1-positive (≥60%) metastatic NSCLC received atezolizumab monotherapy. Serial cfDNA samples (1-3 per patient) were analyzed by high-depth WES. Distinct molecular trajectories paralleled divergent clinical outcomes. One patient achieved a complete molecular response, characterized by progressive clearance of
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