Evidence mapPaperPMID 41977175Full record

ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2026

Disproportionality Analysis of Tirzepatide vs. Semaglutide and Liraglutide: System Organ Class-Level Post-Marketing Reporting Patterns in EudraVigilance.

Ruxandra Cristina Marin, Cosmin Mihai Vesa, Delia Mirela Tit, Andrei-Flavius Radu, Gabriela S Bungau

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ruxandra Cristina MarinDoctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-3182-1683
Cosmin Mihai VesaDoctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.ORCID 0000-0001-5071-9601
Delia Mirela TitDoctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-0296-6592
Andrei-Flavius RaduDoctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-7625-8177
Gabriela S BungauDoctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410087 Oradea, Romania.

Funding

University of Oradea
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tirzepatide, a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist, introduces a mechanistically distinct approach within incretin-based therapies. While its efficacy is established, real-world data comparing post-marketing safety with established GLP-1 receptor agonists remain limited. This study assessed System Organ Class (SOC)-level reporting patterns for tirzepatide versus semaglutide and liraglutide using EudraVigilance data. Aggregated individual case safety reports (ICSRs) were analyzed using pairwise disproportionality analyses based on a case/non-case approach. Reporting odds ratios (RORs) with 95% confidence intervals were calculated. False discovery rate (FDR) correction using the Benjamini-Hochberg procedure and sensitivity analyses restricted to serious and healthcare professional-reported cases were performed to assess robustness. After FDR adjustment, 20 SOCs were significant in tirzepatide-semaglutide and 23 in tirzepatide-liraglutide comparisons; eight SOCs remained significant across all analytical conditions. Compared with semaglutide, tirzepatide showed higher reporting for immune (ROR 1.97, 95% CI 1.75-2.21) and hepatobiliary disorders (ROR 1.71, 95% CI 1.61-1.82). Versus liraglutide, higher odds occurred for musculoskeletal (ROR 2.02, 95% CI 1.85-2.21) and psychiatric disorders (ROR 2.14, 95% CI 1.99-2.30), and lower odds for neoplasms (ROR 0.28, 95% CI 0.26-0.31). Tirzepatide shows heterogeneous reporting patterns compared with GLP-1 receptor agonists, with consistent excess reporting for hepatobiliary, immune, and musculoskeletal disorders. These findings are hypothesis-generating and warrant confirmation in exposure-adjusted studies.

Indexed as

Glucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsLiraglutideAdverse Drug Reaction Reporting SystemsGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHumansPharmacovigilanceSemaglutideTirzepatideGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsGlucagon-Like PeptidesHypoglycemic AgentsLiraglutideSemaglutideTirzepatidedual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonistEudraVigilanceincretin signalingliraglutidepharmacovigilancepost-marketing safetyreporting odds ratiosemaglutidetirzepatide

Identifiers

PMID41977175
PMCPMC13073578

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.