Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41979563›Full record

ArticleEpigenetics2026

Direct and indirect genetic effects of birthweight predisposition on child DNA methylation at birth.

Nicole Creasey, Leonard Frach, Elena Isaevska, Janine F Felix, Charlotte Cecil, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Alexander Neumann

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Epigenetics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nicole CreaseyDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1484-8593
Leonard FrachDepartment of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6349-8772
Elena IsaevskaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1846-7990
Janine F FelixThe Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9801-5774
Charlotte CecilDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2389-5922
Jean-Baptiste PingaultDepartment of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, Division of Psychology & Language Sciences, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2557-4716
Alexander NeumannDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6653-3203

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Birthweight is heritable and strongly associated with epigenetic differences at birth. It is unclear whether a genetic birthweight score is associated with DNA methylation (DNAm) and, if so, whether through direct genetic effects (i.e. child genotype) or indirect genetic effects (i.e. parental genotype, independent of child genotype), which are suspected to be mediated by the prenatal environment (e.g. metabolic factors). We constructed polygenic scores (PGS) for birthweight predisposition in mothers and children using an existing 'pre-adjusted' GWAS assessing maternal indirect effects (maternal genotype on offspring birthweight, correcting for offspring genotype) or fetal effects (offspring genotype on offspring birthweight, correcting for maternal genotype) in 2116 families from the Generation R Study. Offspring DNAm levels at 829 birthweight-related sites were then regressed on both maternal and fetal effect PGS. Additionally, we aggregated 829 DNAm sites into a methylation profile score for birthweight (MPS-BW) and tested which pregnancy health factors (

Indexed as

Birth WeightDNA MethylationAdultDevelopmental Origins of Health and DiseaseEpigenesis, GeneticFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenetic Risk ScoreGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHumansInfant, NewbornMalePregnancyBirthweightDNA methylationepigeneticsgene-environment correlationgenetics

Identifiers

PMID41979563
PMCPMC13081746

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.