Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41981369›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of clinical oncology2026

Cachexia index as a prognostic indicator in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with nivolumab plus ipilimumab: multicenter analysis.

Shimpei Yamashita, Ryusuke Deguchi, Shuzo Hamamoto, Yukari Bando, Shingo Toyoda, Ryotaro Tomida, Makito Miyake, Noriyuki Ito, Noriya Yamaguchi, Junya Furukawa and 3 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of clinical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Shimpei YamashitaDepartment of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan. keito608@wakayama-med.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7402-6164
Ryusuke DeguchiDepartment of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan.
Shuzo HamamotoDepartment of Nephro-Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
Yukari BandoDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.
Shingo ToyodaDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan.
Ryotaro TomidaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
Makito MiyakeDepartment of Urology, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan.
Noriyuki ItoDepartment of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center, Wakayama, Japan.
Noriya YamaguchiDivision of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan.
Junya FurukawaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
Kazutoshi FujitaDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osakasayama, Japan.
Isao HaraDepartment of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan.
Yasuo KohjimotoDepartment of Urology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-0012, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe association between cachexia index (CXI) and prognosis in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is unclear. We investigated the prognostic impact of pretreatment CXI in patients with metastatic RCC that were receiving nivolumab plus ipilimumab (NIVO + IPI) as a first-line therapy.

methodsThis multicenter retrospective cohort study included 141 patients who were treated with NIVO + IPI as a first-line treatment for metastatic RCC and whose pretreatment CXI was available. They were dichotomized using the median CXI, and we compared progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the groups. Cox proportional regression analyses sought to identify the predictors of PFS and OS.

resultsThe median CXI value was 47.1. The rates of no prior resection of the primary site and IMDC poor risk in the low CXI group were significantly higher than those in the high CXI group. The low CXI group had significantly lower PFS and OS than the high CXI group (median: 6 months vs. 14 months, P < 0.01 and median: 18 months vs. 52 months, P < 0.01, respectively). In multivariable analyses, no resection of the primary site was the only significant predictor of poor PFS (P = 0.03). Meanwhile, low CXI was a significant predictor of poor OS (P = 0.03) in addition to no prior resection of primary site and histologic subtype other than clear cell RCC (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively).

conclusionsPretreatment CXI could become a useful prognostic marker in patients with metastatic RCC receiving NIVO + IPI.

Indexed as

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCachexiaCarcinoma, Renal CellKidney NeoplasmsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansIpilimumabMaleMiddle AgedNivolumabPrognosisRetrospective StudiesIpilimumabNivolumabCancer cachexiaCytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 inhibitorPD-1 inhibitorPrognosisRenal cancer

Identifiers

PMID41981369

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.