Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41983040›Full record

ArticleJournal of nutrition and metabolism2026

Metabolic Syndrome With Concomitant Anaemia Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Volta Region of Ghana: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Sylvester Yao Lokpo, David Avoyi, Eric Boateng, Samuel Ametepe, Francis Abeku Ussher, Michael Appiah, Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui, Esther Ngozi Adejumo, Christian Obirikorang, James Osei-Yeboah and 2 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of nutrition and metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Sylvester Yao LokpoDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana, uhas.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1628-0735
David AvoyiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana, uhas.edu.gh.
Eric BoatengDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana, uhas.edu.gh.
Samuel AmetepeDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua, Ghana, ktu.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-6733
Francis Abeku UssherDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health and Allied Sciences, Koforidua Technical University, Koforidua, Ghana, ktu.edu.gh.
Michael AppiahDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Accra Technical University, Greater Accra Region, Accra, Ghana, atu.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6359-4473
Precious Kwablah KwadzokpuiLaboratory Department, Ho Teaching Hospital, Ministry of Health, Ho, Ghana, moh.gov.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5044-7773
Esther Ngozi AdejumoDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria, babcock.edu.ng.
Christian ObirikorangDepartment of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, knust.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6128-1358
James Osei-YeboahSchool of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, knust.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7982-5707
Kenneth AblordeyDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana, uhas.edu.gh.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3248-8404
Abigail IbrahimDepartment of Adult Health, Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Ministry of Health, Odumase-Krobo, Accra, Ghana, moh.gov.gh.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Anaemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS) worsen the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to increased diabetes-related complications. This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of anaemia-MetS comorbidity in individuals with T2DM in the Ho municipality. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and October 2022 at the Ho Municipal Hospital, targeting patients aged ≥ 20 years with T2DM who were conveniently selected from the diabetic clinic. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected using semistructured questionnaires. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were performed. Fasting blood samples were obtained to measure glucose, lipid profile and haemoglobin (Hb) levels. MetS was defined using the harmonized criteria, and anaemia was defined according to WHO gender-specific cut-offs. Logistic regression models were utilized to determine factors associated with anaemia alone and anaemia-MetS comorbidity. Results: A total of 193 participants were enrolled (61.7% female). The prevalence of MetS was 64.8% ( Conclusion: Anaemia-MetS comorbidity was common among patients with T2DM. Alcohol consumption was associated with lower odds of comorbidity, suggesting a potential protective effect that warrants further investigation. Female sex may confer increased risk, though this relationship is confounded by lifestyle and clinical factors.

Indexed as

anaemiacomorbiditymetabolic syndromeType 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41983040
PMCPMC13071528

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.