Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41986389›Full record

ArticleNPJ science of food2026

Germinated legumes for improving nutritional and technological quality of fortified cakes, with further enhancement using phospholipase and SSL.

Shymaa M Ata, Ahmed M S Hussein, Sayed Mostafa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ science of food, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Shymaa M AtaHome Economics Department, Faculty of Specific Education, Menoufia University, Shibin El Kom, Egypt. atashymaa123@gmail.com.
Ahmed M S HusseinDepartment of Food Technology, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.
Sayed MostafaDepartment of Food Technology, Food Industries and Nutrition Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt. sm.abnody@nrc.sci.eg.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Bakery products represent a promising platform for functional food development. In this study, cakes were fortified with germinated chickpea flour (GCP) and germinated white kidney bean flour (GWKB) as partial substitutes for wheat flour (10, 20, and 30%), while phospholipase and sodium stearoyl lactylate (SSL) were applied to improve technological quality. The effects of germination on proximate composition, minerals, phenolic compounds, functional properties, protein digestibility, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated, in addition to pasting behavior, texture, and color attributes. Germination significantly enhanced water and oil absorption capacities, emulsifying and foaming properties, and increased protein digestibility, reaching 75.13% in GCP compared to 64.33% in raw chickpea. Post-storage crumb firmness was significantly reduced by phospholipase and SSL, with optimal freshness achieved at 75.45 ppm phospholipase and 0.6% SSL (R² = 95.74%). In conclusion, this study demonstrates a novel dual-enhancement strategy that integrates legume germination with combined enzymatic treatment and RSM-based optimization to simultaneously improve nutritional value and post-storage technological performance of fortified cakes, providing a practical model for the development of high-quality functional bakery products.

Identifiers

PMID41986389
PMCPMC13087259

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.