Evidence mapPaperPMID 41989597Full record

ArticleNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2026

Zingerone as a neuroprotective agent in experimental diabetes: evidence from oxidative stress, inflammatory, and apoptotic markers.

Ferit Kansu Ornek, Gungor Cagdas Dincel, Feyza Basak, Emin Sengul, Metin Kiliclioglu, Serkan Yildirim

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Article in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ferit Kansu OrnekDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Gungor Cagdas DincelDepartment of Medical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey. gcdincel@yahoo.com.tr.
Feyza BasakDepartment of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karabuk University, Karabük, Turkey.
Emin SengulDepartment of Physiology, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Metin KilicliogluDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
Serkan YildirimDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey. syildirim@atauni.edu.tr.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global disease that directly affects many organs, including the brain and cerebellum. This study aims to evaluate the effects of zingerone (ZO) on neurotoxicity, a prevalent consequence of DM. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 60) were divided into 6 groups. Experimental groups were established as Control, DM, DM + Metformin (MET), DM + ZO25, DM + ZO50, and ZO50. At the end of 28 days, the brain and cerebellum tissues were used for the analyses. To evaluate oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage, neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GR) levels were measured. Apoptosis was assessed by determining Caspase-3 expression levels. In addition, H2A.X, NeuN, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression levels were analyzed to evaluate DNA damage, neuronal integrity, and glial activation, respectively.While nNOS, 8-OHdG, Caspase-3, H2A.X, NeuN, GFAP, MDA, and iNOS levels increased in the DM group, it was observed that tissue damage decreased in a dose-dependent manner in the ZO treatment groups. Also, while there was a decrease in SOD and GR activity and GSH levels in the DM group, ZO 50 mg/kg treatment caused an increase in these enzymes. This study suggests that ZO may exert neuroprotective effects by mitigating oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation, and modulating apoptosis in diabetes-induced neurotoxicity.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalGuaiacolNeuroprotective AgentsOxidative StressAnimalsApoptosisBrainDNA DamageFemaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyGuaiacolNeuroprotective AgentszingeroneApoptosisDiabetes mellitusNeuroprotectionNeurotoxicityOxidative damageZingerone

Identifiers

PMID41989597
PMCPMC13357459

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.