Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41990286›Full record

ArticleNeurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation2026

HLA Associations Differ by Ethnicity and Aquaporin-4 Antibody Status in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders.

Moritz Niederschweiberer, Georgia Panagiotaropoulou, Marcelo A Fernandez-Viña, Gonzalo Montero-Martin, Kazutoyo Osoegawa, Megan Behne, Andre Franke, Wolfgang Lieb, Sven Jarius, Brigitte Wildemann and 10 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors.

Moritz NiederschweibererDepartment of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Georgia PanagiotaropoulouDepartment of Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA.
Marcelo A Fernandez-ViñaDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine.
Gonzalo Montero-MartinDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine.
Kazutoyo OsoegawaHistocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Stanford Blood Center, Palo Alto, CA.ORCID 0000-0002-4633-4255
Megan BehneGuthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation, Beverly Hills, CA.ORCID 0009-0002-8541-7931
Andre FrankeInstitute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1530-5811
Wolfgang LiebInstitute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-2544-4460
Sven JariusDivision of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-4849-2545
Brigitte WildemannDivision of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5389-3338
Patrick SchindlerDepartment of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8846-121X
Carolin OttoDepartment of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-9768-5143
Friedemann PaulDepartment of Neurology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6378-0070
Eoin P FlanaganDepartments of Neurology, Laboratory Medicine, and Pathology and Center MS and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.ORCID 0000-0002-6661-2910
Lawrence J CookDepartment of Pediatrics Division of Critical Care, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.ORCID 0000-0001-9085-0428
Jorge OksenbergDepartment of Neurology and UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA.ORCID 0000-0002-3613-9544
Michael R YeamanDepartment of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA.ORCID 0000-0002-9468-5252
Stephan RipkeDepartment of Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA.
Klemens RuprechtDivision of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-1962-6014
Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation CIRCLES Study Group

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSDs) comprise inflammatory processes of the CNS. Most patients with NMOSD have serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G autoantibodies directed against the astrocytic water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG). In this study, we analyzed HLA allelic frequencies in a large cohort of patients with NMOSD, stratified by ethnicity and AQP4-IgG status, compared with healthy controls.

methodsNext-generation sequencing-based HLA class I and II genotyping was performed in 174 White, 45 Black, and 41 Hispanic AQP4-IgG-positive (AQP4-IgG+) patients with NMOSD; 49 White patients with AQP4-IgG-negative (AQP4-IgG-) NMOSD; and 2,427 White, 244 Black, and 155 Hispanic controls. Correction for multiple testing was performed using the Bonferroni method.

resultsIn White AQP4-IgG+ patients with NMOSD, the most significantly associated alleles were DISCUSSION: This study confirms the previously recognized association of

Indexed as

Aquaporin 4AutoantibodiesNeuromyelitis OpticaAdultBlack or African AmericanFemaleGene FrequencyHispanic or LatinoHumansImmunoglobulin GMaleMiddle AgedWhiteAQP4 protein, humanAquaporin 4AutoantibodiesImmunoglobulin G

Identifiers

PMID41990286
PMCPMC13088193

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.