Observational studyBMC endocrine disorders2026
Rapid improvement in glycaemic control is associated with increased circulating osteocalcin in type 2 diabetes: a concise observational comparative study.
Observational study in BMC endocrine disorders, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04893135 (Impact of the Rapid Normalization of Chronic Hyperglycemia and the Practice of Moderate Physical Activity on the "Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B Ligand / Osteoprotégérine), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Impact of the Rapid Normalization of Chronic Hyperglycemia and the Practice of Moderate Physical Activity on the "Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B Ligand / Osteoprotégérine (RANKL / OPG) System in Patients Living With Type II Diabetes
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundPoor glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes is associated with low bone turnover and skeletal fragility. Osteocalcin has been linked to glucose homeostasis, but its short-term response to rapid improvement in chronic hyperglycaemia in adults remains insufficiently described.
methodsWe conducted a single-centre observational comparative study in adults with type 2 diabetes. Group 1 had chronic poor control (HbA1c > 8.5% for at least 6 months) and underwent individualised treatment optimisation over 3 months as part of routine care. Group 2 had stable good control (HbA1c < 7% for at least 6 months) and served as a reference group for temporal stability. Total serum osteocalcin was measured at baseline (T0) and at 3 months (T3) and is reported in ng/mL. Body weight was retrieved retrospectively from the medical records. Analyses were exploratory.
resultsSixty participants were included (mean age 52 +/- 9 years; 50% women). Baseline osteocalcin concentrations were similar in Group 1 and Group 2 (12.4 +/- 4.3 vs. 12.5 +/- 3.9 ng/mL; between-group mean difference - 0.1 ng/mL, 95% CI -2.2 to 2.0). In Group 1, osteocalcin increased from 12.4 +/- 4.3 to 20.4 +/- 4.8 ng/mL (absolute mean change + 8.0 ng/mL; p < 0.0001), whereas Group 2 remained stable (12.5 +/- 3.9 to 12.8 +/- 3.7 ng/mL; absolute mean change + 0.3 ng/mL; p = 0.94). At 3 months, Group 1 osteocalcin exceeded Group 2 by 7.6 ng/mL (95% CI 5.4 to 9.8). Overall body weight increased descriptively from 79 +/- 3 kg at baseline to 81 +/- 2.4 kg at 3 months.
conclusionsRapid improvement in glycaemic control was associated with increased circulating total osteocalcin over 3 months in chronically poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, while osteocalcin remained stable in a well-controlled reference group. Because the study was observational and important treatment, weight and lifestyle confounders were incompletely captured, the findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating rather than causal.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04893135; first posted 19 May 2021.
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