ArticleJournal of translational medicine2026
Low serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate is related to diabetic retinopathy in males with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Article in Journal of translational medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveAndrogens are increasingly recognized as important regulators of metabolic balance and vascular integrity. However, their relationship with diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains incompletely defined and appears to differ by sex. The present study aimed to examine the associations between circulating levels of total testosterone (TT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and androstenedione (ASD) and DR risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with particular emphasis on gender-stratified analyses.
methodsThis cross-sectional investigation analyzed 796 hospitalized T2DM cases. Serum concentrations of TT, DHEAS, and ASD were quantified using chemiluminescence immunoassays. Multivariable logistic regression was utilized to assess the associations between androgen levels and the presence of DR, with analyses conducted separately for men and women to account for sex-specific differences.
resultsAmong male participants, after comprehensive adjustment for potential confounding variables, serum DHEAS levels were independently and inversely linked with DR risk (tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: OR = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.23-0.82; P for trend = 0.007). Restricted cubic spline modeling demonstrated an approximately linear inverse dose-response relationship between DHEAS concentrations and DR risk (overall P < 0.001; nonlinear P = 0.193). No correlations were found between serum TT or ASD levels and DR in men. In female patients, an inverse relationship between TT and DR was attenuated and rendered nonsignificant after full multivariable adjustment, and neither DHEAS nor ASD showed a statistically significant association with DR risk.
conclusionsLower serum DHEAS concentrations are independently linked with elevated DR risk in males with T2DM, suggesting a potential role for DHEAS in the pathophysiology of DR in males.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.