ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2026
Impact of in-hospital SARS-CoV-2 infection on mortality and outcomes in patients admitted for heart failure: a nationwide analysis in Brazil.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: The effects of COVID-19 on patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) remain underexplored, especially in middle-income countries. We investigated how in-hospital SARS-CoV-2 infection affected clinical outcomes and healthcare costs among heart failure (HF) patients in Brazil's public health system during the pandemic period, following its official global declaration in early 2020. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 262,758 adults hospitalized for HF in public hospitals across Brazil from January-2020 to August-2021. Patients who acquired COVID-19 during hospitalization ( Results: Patients with COVID-19 had longer hospital stays (median 7 vs. 5 days; Conclusion: In-hospital COVID-19 infection significantly worsens outcomes and increases healthcare costs among patients admitted for HF in Brazil. These findings underscore the need for preventive strategies, including vaccination and timely antiviral therapies, particularly within public health systems.
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