ReviewCureus2026
Association Between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers With Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Related Proteinuria in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is widely used in the treatment of solid malignancies but is frequently complicated by proteinuria, which can affect treatment continuity and patient quality of life. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly used to manage proteinuria in chronic kidney disease, their potential protective role against anti-VEGF-related proteinuria remains unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the association between ACEi/ARB use and the risk of any-grade proteinuria in patients with solid tumors receiving anti-VEGF therapy. Comprehensive searches of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were performed for studies published between January 2000 and September 2025. Observational studies comparing ACEi/ARB users with patients receiving other antihypertensive agents were included. Patients not receiving antihypertensive therapy were excluded to minimize confounding by indication. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Five retrospective observational studies were included. Across studies, ACEi/ARB use was associated with a significantly lower risk of any-grade proteinuria compared with other antihypertensive agents (pooled RR = 0.63; 95% confidence interval = 0.42-0.95), with moderate heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated consistent directionality of effect, supporting the robustness of the findings. ACEi/ARB use was associated with a reduced risk of any-grade proteinuria among patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy. Although limited by the observational nature of the evidence and geographic concentration of available studies, these findings suggest a potential renoprotective role of renin-angiotensin system inhibition in this setting. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm causality and clarify clinical implementation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.