Evidence mapPaperPMID 41994820Full record

ReviewCureus2026

Association Between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers With Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Related Proteinuria in Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Ryuichi Ohta, Taichi Fujimori, Kaoru Tanaka, Hidetoshi Hayashi

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ryuichi OhtaCommunity Care, Unnan City Hospital, Unnan, JPN.
Taichi FujimoriInternal Medicine, Shimane University, Matsue, JPN.
Kaoru TanakaMedical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Sakai, JPN.
Hidetoshi HayashiMedical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Sakai, JPN.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy is widely used in the treatment of solid malignancies but is frequently complicated by proteinuria, which can affect treatment continuity and patient quality of life. Although angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are commonly used to manage proteinuria in chronic kidney disease, their potential protective role against anti-VEGF-related proteinuria remains unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate the association between ACEi/ARB use and the risk of any-grade proteinuria in patients with solid tumors receiving anti-VEGF therapy. Comprehensive searches of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were performed for studies published between January 2000 and September 2025. Observational studies comparing ACEi/ARB users with patients receiving other antihypertensive agents were included. Patients not receiving antihypertensive therapy were excluded to minimize confounding by indication. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Five retrospective observational studies were included. Across studies, ACEi/ARB use was associated with a significantly lower risk of any-grade proteinuria compared with other antihypertensive agents (pooled RR = 0.63; 95% confidence interval = 0.42-0.95), with moderate heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated consistent directionality of effect, supporting the robustness of the findings. ACEi/ARB use was associated with a reduced risk of any-grade proteinuria among patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy. Although limited by the observational nature of the evidence and geographic concentration of available studies, these findings suggest a potential renoprotective role of renin-angiotensin system inhibition in this setting. Prospective studies are warranted to confirm causality and clarify clinical implementation.

Indexed as

angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitorsangiotensin receptor antagonistsgeneral medicineneoplasmsproteinuriarenal insufficiencyvascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID41994820
PMCPMC13081079

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.