Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41995008›Full record

ArticleJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2026

Sarcopenic Obesity in Children: An Emerging Complication Evidenced by Clinical Data and a Juvenile Mouse Model.

Senjie Wang, Wei Zhang, Zhewen Qin, Xuelian Zhou, Chuqing Xue, Dan Wang, Xinyi Liang, Zixin Zhang, Shumin Zhan, Shan Wang and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Senjie WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Wei ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zhewen QinDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xuelian ZhouDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Chuqing XueDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Dan WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xinyi LiangDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Zixin ZhangDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Shumin ZhanDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Shan WangDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Wei WuDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Junfen FuDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0000-0001-6405-1251
Rahim UllahDepartment of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Children and Adolescents' Health and diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7549-4186

Funding

Key R&D Program of Zhejiang 2023C03047National Key R&D Program of China 2021YFC2701900National Natural Science Foundation of China 82350410491National Natural Science Foundation of China 82370863Research Fund of National Health Commission and Zhejiang Major Health Science and Technology WKJ-ZJ-2535
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSarcopenic obesity (SO) is well-characterized in older adults, but its impact on muscle development in children remains poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of childhood obesity on musculoskeletal health and the underlying mechanisms.

methodsWe enrolled 1447 children (31.4% girls; median age 11.10 years, IQR 9.39-12.50) for body composition assessment via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and a separate cohort of 349 children (33.2% girls; median age 11.13 years, IQR 9.73-12.80) for grip strength measurement. A juvenile mouse model of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity was established and compared to an adult-onset model. Molecular pathways were examined via RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR. Interventions included dietary reversal and vitamin C supplementation.

resultsIn children, the appendicular skeletal muscle mass ratio (ASMR) Z-score was inversely correlated with BMI-Z score (ρ = -0.369, p < 0.001) and body fat percentage (ρ = -0.668, p < 0.001). According to weight-specific reference criteria, most of children with obesity exhibited low grip strength (below the 25th percentile). In mice, 4 weeks of HFD feeding in juveniles, but not adults, significantly reduced muscle mass (-6%, p < 0.05), muscle fibre diameter (-8%, p < 0.001), grip strength (-14%, p < 0.01) and rotarod performance (-29%, p < 0.05). RNA sequence and RT-qPCR revealed that HFD suppressed myogenic regulatory factors (e.g., Myod, Myog) and promoted adipogenic pathways specifically in juveniles. In stark contrast, adult mice showed no such impairments after 4 weeks of HFD. The muscle deficits caused by juvenile obesity were not resolved but persisted even after subsequent dietary weight loss. Vitamin C supplementation effectively mitigated HFD-induced impairments, increasing muscle fibre diameter (~15%, p < 0.001, vs. HFD), grip strength (~10%, p < 0.001, vs. HFD) and expression of key myogenic genes (e.g., Myod, Myog, all p < 0.05).

conclusionsChildhood obesity critically impairs muscle development during the juvenile growth period, driven by transcriptomic reprogramming that suppresses myogenesis. These deficits are persistent and not reversed by weight loss alone. Vitamin C supplementation presents a potential therapeutic strategy to protect muscle health in children with obesity. The juvenile mouse model established herein provides a novel tool for future research into childhood SO.

Indexed as

ObesityPediatric ObesitySarcopeniaAnimalsBody CompositionChildDiet, High-FatDisease Models, AnimalFemaleHand StrengthHumansMaleMicechildhood obesityhigh‐fat dietjuvenile mouse modelmuscle developmentsarcopenic obesityvitamin C

Identifiers

PMID41995008
PMCPMC13088153

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.