ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2026
Childhood immunization barriers and interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review of access, delivery systems, and health literacy.
Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Childhood immunization barriers and interventions in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review of access, delivery systems, and health literacy.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Childhood immunization is among the most effective public health measures for preventing infectious diseases and reducing child mortality, yet coverage in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remains suboptimal due to barriers in access, delivery systems, and caregiver acceptance. This scoping review mapped experimental and quasi-experimental studies from PubMed and Scopus (2000-2024) evaluating interventions to improve childhood immunization across three domains: access to services, distribution and logistics, and health literacy. Thirty-two studies met inclusion criteria. Community outreach, reminder/recall systems, and incentives improved vaccination uptake, timeliness, and completion. Supply-chain optimization and technology-assisted delivery enhanced vaccine availability and reduced stock-outs, especially in hard-to-reach settings. Educational and culturally tailored communication interventions strengthened caregiver knowledge and confidence. The findings demonstrate that coordinated strategies addressing both supply-side and demand-side constraints are most effective for achieving equitable and sustainable improvements in routine childhood immunization.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.