Observational studyJournal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Native T1 is independently associated with aerobic exercise capacity in long-term follow-up after mild initial COVID-19 disease (Impression COVID&Heart Study).
Observational study in Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Losartan and prednisolone for post-COVID syndrome and cardiac inflammation: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.Nature communications · 2026Trial
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9 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundExercise intolerance is a common and incapacitating long-term consequence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), even after mild acute illness. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) studies have demonstrated persistent perimyocardial inflammatory abnormalities; however, their relationship with long-term aerobic capacity remains unclear.
methodsIn this prospective observational study, individuals without prior structural heart disease underwent standardized CMR, echocardiography, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) at least 3 years after the initial COVID-19. The primary endpoint was the association between %-predicted peak oxygen consumption (VO₂peak) (age-sex-body mass index (BMI) adjusted, Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00103-012-1483-6) and imaging parameters. Secondary analyses included lactate measurements and sex-stratified models.
resultsA total of 132 participants (mean age 49±12 years; 68/132 (52%) male) were evaluated 48 months [interquartile range (IQR) 42-53] post-infection. Non-ischemic perimyocardial enhancement was present in 34/132 (26%), whereas two participants had an unrecognized ischemic scar. Male sex, higher BMI, lower age, and higher native T1 were associated with lower %-predicted VO₂peak in univariate models. In multivariate analysis, male sex, lower age, and higher native T1 (β = -0.25 per ms, 95% CI -0.40 to -0.10; p<0.001) remained independent predictors of lower %-predicted VO₂peak. In total, 63/132 (48%) participants demonstrated %-predicted VO₂peak below predicted values. Sex-stratified multivariate analyses showed that higher native T1 (p<0.001) independently associated with lower %-predicted VO₂peak in both men and women, with lower age additionally retained in men. In a lactate-measured subgroup (n = 73), higher resting lactate, higher native T1, male sex, and lower left atrial area were associated with lower %-predicted VO₂peak.
conclusionIn long-term follow-up of individuals with mild initial COVID-19 and no prior structural heart disease, aerobic capacity relative to predicted values was reduced in 48% of participants, particularly in men, and was independently associated with higher myocardial native T1.
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