ArticleBMC ophthalmology2026
Delayed limbal mesenchymal stem cell secretome therapy attenuates NF-κB, IL-8, and MMP-9 expression following phacoemulsification-induced corneal endothelial damage.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe limbal mesenchymal stem cell secretome (LMSC-S) contains anti-inflammatory cytokines that suppress extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation in phacoemulsification-damaged corneal endothelial cells. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LMSC-S on post- phacoemulsification ECM degradation.
methodsThirty-six eyes from 32 New Zealand white rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were included. The normal group (N) comprised neither exposed nor treated eyes. Control group 1 (C1) served as the control for treatment group 1 (T1), where LMSC-S was administered simultaneously with phacoemulsification. Control group 2 (C2) served as the control for treatment group 2 (T2), which underwent LMSC-S administration 3 days after phacoemulsification. In this study, exposure to ultrasound from a phacoemulsification machine damaged corneal endothelial cells. Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression in macrophages was measured by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and IL-8 level in the aqueous humor was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
resultsThe comparison of NF-κB macrophage expression between groups C2-T2 (p < 0.001); IL-8 macrophage between groups C1-T1 (p = 0.04) and C2-T2 (p = 0.002); MMP-9 macrophage between groups C1-T1 (p = 0.03) and C2-T2 (p = 0.002) showed a significant difference. NF-κB, IL-8, and MMP-9 macrophage expression level in the T2 group was closest to that in the N group. MMP-9 macrophage expression following LMSC-S administration on the third day post-phacoemulsification correlated strongly and positively with IL-8 macrophage expression (β = 0.861; p < 0.001), NF-κB macrophage expression (β = 0.896; p < 0.001), and LMSC-S administration (β = -0.978; p < 0.001).
conclusionIn this experimental animal model, LMSC-S administration three days post-phacoemulsification reduced MMP-9 expression more effectively than simultaneous administration. However, the therapeutic potential of LMSC-Ss requires further human validation.
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