ArticleNeurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology2026
The burden and trends of late-onset multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease and other dementias among adults aged 55 and older, spanning from 1990 to 2021, with projections through 2050.
Article in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study investigates the global burden of common central nervous system (CNS) disorders—including late-onset multiple sclerosis (LOMS), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias (ADOD)—among adults aged 55 years and older, covering the period from 1990 to 2021 with projections extending through 2050.
methodsData from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, spanning the years 1990 to 2021, were analyzed to evaluate the number of incident and prevalent cases, deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and their corresponding age-standardized rates. These metrics were stratified by socio-demographic index (SDI) regions, sex, and age groups. Future trends were forecasted using the Bayesian age–period–cohort (BAPC) model up to the year 2036 and the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model up to 2050.
resultsIn 2021, global cases reached 0.76 million for LOMS, 10.76 million for PD, and 20.84 million for ADOD. ADOD exhibited the highest burden across all metrics. Females bore greater LOMS and ADOD burden; males bore higher PD burden. High SDI regions had highest LOMS burden; high-middle SDI regions led in PD and ADOD burden. Population growth was the primary burden driver. China faced the highest PD and ADOD burden due to rapid aging.
conclusionUrgent health policies must target elderly populations with sex-specific approaches—focusing on women for LOMS/ADOD and men for PD—alongside strategies for high-risk demographic groups.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.